与SARS-CoV-2疫苗BNT162b2的年龄相关的免疫反应异质性
Dami A Collier1,2,3, Isabella A T M Ferreira1,2, Prasanti Kotagiri1,2
1Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease (CITIID), Cambridge, UK.
Nature
|June 30, 2021
概括
高龄人群,特别是80岁以上的人群,在第一剂接种后对抗SARS-CoV-2变种的mRNA疫苗的免疫反应减弱. 第二剂可以改善中和效果,但对这一高危人群可能需要有针对性的策略.
科学领域:
- 免疫学
- 疫苗学
- 病毒学
背景情况:
- 两剂的mRNA疫苗提供了对SARS-CoV-2的强有力的保护.
- 对于80岁以上的个体,疫苗对关注变种 (VOC) 的有效性存在有限的数据.
研究的目的:
- 分析老年参与者和年轻医护人员对BNT162b2mRNA疫苗的免疫反应.
- 在80岁以上的个人中评估疫苗对SARS-CoV-2 VOC的有效性.
主要方法:
- 血清中和,结合IgG/IgA水平和B细胞特异性记忆反应的比较.
- 在老年和年轻人群中分析T细胞细胞因子 (干扰素-γ,干扰素-2).
- 在接种疫苗后对野生型和VOC菌株的中和效果的评估.
主要成果:
- 在第一剂疫苗接种后,观察到老年人,特别是80岁以上的患者血清中和结合抗体水平较低.
- 与野生型病毒相比,来自80岁以上个体的血清对α,β和gamma VOCs的中和性降低.
- 虽然第二剂改善了对所有年龄组的VOC的中和作用,但老年响应者比不响应者具有更高的B细胞记忆频率.
结论:
- 老年人,尤其是80岁以上的人,对抗SARS-CoV-2 VOCs的mRNA疫苗的免疫反应减弱.
- 为了提高老年人疫苗的有效性,可能需要采取具体的干预措施,特别是在流通的VOC的情况下.
- 老年人是一个高风险群体,需要专门的疫苗接种策略.
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