美国医疗保健支出根据种族和民族,2002-2016年
Joseph L Dieleman1, Carina Chen1, Sawyer W Crosby1
1Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Seattle, Washington.
美国的医疗保健支出在2002年至2016年间因种族和种族而异. 这些支出差异与医疗保健利用的差异有关, 即使考虑到年龄和健康状况.
科学领域:
- 健康经济学
- 医疗服务研究
- 健康上的差异
背景情况:
- 了解按种族和族群划分的医疗保健支出对于确定医疗保健使用和治疗模式至关重要.
- 之前的研究强调了不同种族和族裔群体在健康状况和获得护理方面的差异.
研究的目的:
- 估计,识别和解释2002年至2016年的美国种族和种族医疗支出差异.
- 将支出差异分解为使用率与价格和护理强度的变化.
主要方法:
- 一项探索性研究利用730万次医疗系统访问,入院或处方的数据.
- 数据来源包括医疗支出小组调查 (2002-2016),医疗保险当前受益者调查 (2002-2012),国家健康访谈调查 (2002年至2016年) 和疾病支出项目 (1996年至2016年).
- 分析主要集中在六个相互排斥的种族和民族群体,检查每人和每例主要疾病的总和年龄标准化医疗保健支出.
主要成果:
- 2016年,美国的医疗保健支出总额估计为2.4万亿美元.
- 观察到显著的年龄标准化支出差异:白人 (非西班牙裔) 个体支出最高 (8141美元),而亚洲人,夏威夷原住民和太平洋岛民 (非西班牙裔) 个体支出最低 (4692美元).
- 使用率的差异解释了种族和种族群体的支出差异,即使控制了潜在的疾病负担.
结论:
- 美国的医疗保健支出在2002年至2016年间因不同类型的医疗保健而有显著的差异.
- 这些支出差异主要是由于医疗保健利用的差异,
- 建议进行进一步的研究,以评估当前的支出模式,包括与COVID-19大流行相关的支出模式.
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