蓝色食品的环境性能
Jessica A Gephart1, Patrik J G Henriksson2,3,4, Robert W R Parker5,6
1Department of Environmental Science, American University, Washington, DC, USA. jgephart@american.edu.
Nature
|September 16, 2021
概括
蓝色食物提供可持续的饮食, 养殖的双动物和海藻对环境的影响最小. 这项研究提供了全面的数据,以指导可持续的食物选择和改善水产食品生产.
科学领域:
- 水生食物系统
- 环境科学
- 可持续的农业
背景情况:
- 蓝色食物对于可持续饮食至关重要,但缺乏全面的环境影响数据.
- 现有的研究往往排除了水生食物生产的巨大多样性.
- 需要标准化的环境评估来做出明智的饮食选择.
研究的目的:
- 为各种蓝色食品生产提供标准化的环境影响估计.
- 在各种水生食物中比较温室气体,营养素,淡水和土地压力因素.
- 确定高效的蓝色食品和改善环境的机会.
主要方法:
- 对全球蓝色食品生产的环境压力因素 (GHG,N,P,淡水,土地) 的标准化估计.
- 分析了占全球产量的近75%的物种群.
- 模拟干预场景以评估减少影响的策略.
主要成果:
- 养殖的双动物和海藻的环境压力较低.
- 捕捞渔业的主要影响是温室气体排放;小型海上鱼类的排放量低于养水产养殖.
- 养殖的银鱼和大头鱼的温室气体,气和气排放量很低,但用水量很高;鱼和鱼的土地和用水量很低.
结论:
- 分析发现了高效的蓝色食品和改善环境效果的机会.
- 这项研究有助于对缺乏数据的水生食物生产进行环境评估.
- 这些发现有助于制定可持续的饮食和粮食系统.
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