养活各国的水生食物
Christopher D Golden1,2,3, J Zachary Koehn4, Alon Shepon5,6,7
1Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. golden@hsph.harvard.edu.
Nature
|September 16, 2021
概括
增加水生动物来源食品 (AASF) 的生产可以显著改善全球营养. 预计高产场景将降低AASF价格,增加消费,并防止数百万微量营养素的缺乏.
科学领域:
- 营养科学
- 粮食系统分析
- 水产养殖研究
背景情况:
- 常常低估水生食物的价值,
- 全球粮食系统面临着解决数十亿人营养不良和粮食不安全的挑战.
- 水产养殖是提高水产食品供应的关键创新领域.
研究的目的:
- 通过结合陆地和多样化的水生食物来源,模拟水生食物对人类营养的未来影响.
- 预测到2030年水生动物来源食品 (AASF) 生产的两个场景:基线和高产场景.
- 评估与AASF消费变化相关的健康影响和营养脆弱性.
主要方法:
- 开发了一种整合性模型,将陆地食物与近3000种水生食物分类组合在一起.
- 预计到2030年AASF生产的两种未来情景,包括水产养殖产量增加的高产量情景.
- 分析了AASF消费,价格和估计健康结果的变化,包括微量营养素摄入量和与饮食有关的疾病.
主要成果:
- 如果AASF产量高,价格可能会下降26%,全球消费量也会增加.
- 增加AASF的消费与减少红肉和加工肉类的摄入量有关,这可能会降低非传染性疾病的风险.
- 预计高产量方案可以防止大约1.66亿个微量营养素摄入不足的情况.
结论:
- 扩大水产食品生产,特别是通过水产养殖,为提高全球营养提供了重要机会.
- 政策制定者和利益相关者可以利用水生食物来打击粮食和营养不安全以及各种形式的营养不良.
- 将各种水生食物纳入饮食模式对于了解它们的全部营养潜力至关重要.
相关概念视频
01:43Sustainable Development
14.0K
As the human population continues to grow and use resources, we must be mindful of our planet’s natural limits. Sustainable development provides a pathway to maintain and improve human life now while also ensuring that future generations will have the resources that they need. The long-term success of sustainability efforts rests on understanding the interplay between human actions and ecological systems.
14.0K
01:06Primary Production
24.2K
The total amount of energy acquired by primary producers in an ecosystem is called gross primary production (GPP). However, of this energy, producers use some for metabolic processes, and some is lost as heat, decreasing the amount of energy available to the next trophic level. The remaining usable amount of energy is called the net primary productivity (NPP). In terrestrial ecosystems, NPP is driven by climate, while light penetration and nutrient availability drive NPP in aquatic ecosystems.
24.2K
01:19Quality of Water
275
In concrete preparation, the quality of water is paramount as it affects the strength and durability of the concrete. Potable water is usually preferred; however, it must not have excessive sodium or potassium to prevent compromising the concrete's integrity. Water quality is typically evaluated based on impurities such as dissolved solids, chlorides, and sulfates, and its pH value is ideally between 6 and 8. Even slightly acidic natural water may be acceptable unless it contains harmful...
275
02:32Osmoregulation in Fishes
51.4K
When cells are placed in a hypotonic (low-salt) fluid, they can swell and burst. Meanwhile, cells in a hypertonic solution—with a higher salt concentration—can shrivel and die. How do fish cells avoid these gruesome fates in hypotonic freshwater or hypertonic seawater environments?
51.4K
02:41Responses to Drought and Flooding
11.2K
Water plays a significant role in the life cycle of plants. However, insufficient or excess of water can be detrimental and pose a serious threat to plants.
11.2K
02:34Water and Mineral Acquisition
34.1K
Specialized tissues in plant roots have evolved to capture water, minerals, and some ions from the soil. Roots exhibit a variety of branching patterns that facilitate this process. The outermost root cells have specialized structures called root hairs that increase the root surface, thus increasing soil contact. Water can passively cross into roots, as the concentration of water in the soil is higher than that of the root tissue. Minerals, in contrast, are actively transported into root cells.
34.1K