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Fabian Schmidt¹, Yiska Weisblum¹, Magdalena Rutkowska²

¹Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.

|September 20, 2021

概括

针对抗体的中和表位是SARS-CoV-2 (严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2) 中和范围的关键. 尖端蛋白的20种突变可以产生抗药性,但接种疫苗和康复期的血具有广泛的中和能力.

科学领域:

病毒学
免疫学
分子生物学

背景情况:

多克隆抗体中和幅度和病毒逃逸由所针对的中和表位的数量和可变性决定.
了解抗体目标对于预测病毒演变和设计有效疫苗至关重要.

研究的目的:

在康复和接种疫苗的个体中研究多克隆抗体向的中和表位.
评估尖端蛋白突变对抗体中和病毒逃逸的影响.
评估产生抗体对抗未来的SARS-CoV-2变种和沙贝科病毒的潜力.

主要方法:

使用了HIV-1伪型和囊性口腔炎病毒/SARS-CoV-2仿真体的血选择实验.
通过结合血选择的和与关注相关的尖端替代物的合成"多变种"尖端蛋白伪型.
对康复期和接种疫苗的患者的血测试了伪型的中和抗性.

主要成果:

人类多克隆抗体对受体结合域内外的多个中和性表观素有不同的向.
抗体标与自然 SARS-CoV-2 种群中高度多样化的尖端序列保持一致.
20种自然发生的突变产生了近乎完全抵抗康复或接种疫苗的抗体的伪型.
受感染和接种疫苗的个体的血中和了高度耐药的SARS-CoV-2多变异性尖端和多种类型的sarbecovirus尖端蛋白.

结论:

针对SARS-CoV-2的最佳产生的多克隆抗体对显著的病毒变异具有弹性.
这些抗体可能会对未来的SARS-CoV-2进化和潜在的沙贝科病毒大流行提供保护.

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