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七种氨基酸类型足以形成RNA聚合酶的核心折叠

Sota Yagi¹, Aditya K Padhi¹, Jelena Vucinic^2,3,4

¹RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|September 24, 2021

概括

研究人员逆向设计了古老的双psiβ-桶 (DPBB) 蛋白质折叠, 揭示了它从简单的中演变. 这种基本的蛋白质结构可能是通过早期的遗传密码和有限的氨基酸形成的.

科学领域:

蛋白质进化和生物信息学
蛋白质折叠的起源
古代的翻译系统

背景情况:

复杂的现代蛋白质很可能是从更简单的古代祖先进化出来的.
双psiβ-barrel (DPBB) 是一种古老的蛋白质折叠,存在于RNA聚合酶等必需酶中.
了解蛋白质折叠的进化起源可以了解生命的早期.

研究的目的:

重建双psiβ-barrel (DPBB) 蛋白质折叠的进化路径.
研究DPBB折叠形成的最低要求.
在早期翻译系统中评估DPBB折叠的可信性.

主要方法:

一个现代DPBB领域的逆向工程.
进化途径的计算重建,包括交错的同质化,基因重复和融合.
简化氨基酸列表以确定最小序列要求.

主要成果:

从半大小的开始,重建了DPBB折叠的可信进化途径.
通过仅使用七种氨基酸类型 (Ala,Asp,Glu,Gly,Lys,Arg,Val) 成功重建DPBB折叠.
这些七种氨基酸可以在现代遗传系统中被最小的编码组 (GNN和ARR) 编码.

结论:

双psiβ-barrel (DPBB) 折叠可能起源于通过二分化,重复和融合的简单前体.
通过有限的氨基酸和基本的遗传密码, 形成DPBB折叠是可行的.
这项研究支持了基本蛋白质折叠可能在翻译历史的早期出现的假设.

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