在mRNA疫苗接种后抗SARS-CoV-2受体结合域抗体的演变
Alice Cho1, Frauke Muecksch2, Dennis Schaefer-Babajew1
1Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
Nature
|October 7, 2021
概括
在mRNA疫苗接种后,原始个体的记忆B细胞会产生强烈的抗体, 但疫苗接种后的扩散率不会增加. 虽然自然感染可能产生更广泛的抗体,但接种疫苗会引起强烈的中和性血活性.
科学领域:
- 免疫学
- 病毒学
- 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 严重急性呼吸道综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2) 感染导致B细胞反应在一年多的时间内发生变化.
- 记忆B细胞会产生广泛的,强大的抗体,对SARS-CoV-2变种产生抵抗力.
- 用mRNA疫苗接种COVID-19康复患者的疫苗可以对变种产生很高的中和作用.
研究的目的:
- 在mRNA疫苗接种后5个月检查SARS-CoV-2原始个体的记忆B细胞演变.
- 通过疫苗接种引起的抗体范围和效力与自然感染进行比较.
主要方法:
- 在Moderna (mRNA-1273) 或Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT162b2) 疫苗接种后的SARS-CoV-2原始个体队伍中,对记忆B细胞进化的分析.
- 对抗体中和活性,强度和范围的评估.
主要成果:
- 记忆B细胞在原始和增强之间显示出中和活性增加,之后没有进一步的增强.
- 在接种疫苗5个月后,来自B细胞的抗体与初始反应相似.
- 自然感染的个体记忆抗体比疫苗引起的更广泛和更强大.
- 接种疫苗后的整体血中和效果比自然感染后更高.
结论:
- 用当前mRNA疫苗增强接种疫苗的个体可以增强血中和活性,但可能无法达到康复期个体的范围.
- 在初步接种mRNA疫苗后,B细胞的记忆反应稳定,与自然感染后的持续演变不同.
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