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异种ChAdOx1-BNT162b2疫苗的免疫性和有效性

Bruno Pozzetto^1,2, Vincent Legros^1,3, Sophia Djebali¹

¹CIRI (Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie), Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, Université Jean Monnet de Saint-Etienne, Lyon, France.

|October 21, 2021

概括

与同类的瑞疫苗相比,混合阿斯特拉泽内卡ChAdOx1-S-nCoV-19和瑞BNT162b2疫苗的异种疫苗提供了更好的防范SARS-CoV-2感染. 这种疗法增强了中和活性和B细胞反应,这表明它适用于免疫受损的个体.

科学领域:

免疫学
疫苗学
传染性疾病

背景情况:

在对ChAdOx1-S-nCoV-19产生不良反应后,欧洲卫生当局建议55岁以下的个人接种异种疫苗 (ChAdOx1-S-nCoV-19,其次是BNT162b2).
这种异质原始激活策略的有效性和免疫性尚未正式测试.

研究的目的:

将异种ChAdOx1-S-nCoV-19/ BNT162b2接种方案与同类BNT162b2/ BNT162b2接种方案的有效性和免疫性进行比较.
调查导致观察到的保护差异的潜在免疫机制.

主要方法:

一项涉及13,121名医护人员的实验性观察研究.
对抗突发免疫的长度调查,包括抗体反应,中和活性和B细胞群.
评估每种疫苗的T细胞反应.

主要成果:

与同源BNT162b2/BNT162b2疗法相比,异源ChAdOx1-S-nCoV-19/BNT162b2组合显示出对SARS-CoV-2感染的优越保护.
不同类型的疫苗诱导了对SARS-CoV-2变种的更强的中和活性,与切换和激活的B细胞的增加相关.
ChAdOx1-S-nCoV-19的原始反应引起了较弱的IgG反应,但比BNT162b2原始反应更强的T细胞反应.

结论:

不同类型的ChAdOx1-S-nCoV-19/BNT162b2疫苗接种策略提供了针对SARS-CoV-2的增强保护和中和能力.
补充性免疫反应,特别是来自ChAdOx1-S-nCoV-19的T细胞反应,有助于异种组合的有效性.
这种疫苗接种方案对免疫受损的个体可能特别有益.

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