mRNA 疫苗接种与COVID-19 住院和疾病严重程度之间的关联
Mark W Tenforde1, Wesley H Self2, Katherine Adams1
1CDC COVID-19 Response Team, Atlanta, Georgia.
JAMA
|November 4, 2021
概括
mRNA COVID-19 疫苗显著减少了住院和严重疾病的进展. 接种疫苗可以防止严重的疾病,包括死亡或机械呼吸,即使在突破性感染中.
科学领域:
- 免疫学
- 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 要了解COVID-19疫苗的益处,需要评估疫苗接种者感染该病毒的疾病减弱或严重程度降低.
- 由于mRNA疫苗 (Moderna,Pfizer-BioNTech) 已被广泛使用,因此需要对其对严重的COVID-19结果的实际有效性进行评估.
研究的目的:
- 评估mRNA COVID-19疫苗接种和COVID-19住院之间的关联.
- 在住院患者中评估mRNA COVID-19疫苗接种与严重疾病 (死亡或机械通风) 的进展之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 一项基于美国的21个地点的病例控制研究,涉及2021年3月至8月期间住院的4513名成年人.
- 在COVID-19患者和对照组 (替代诊断) 之间,以及在COVID-19患者和没有疾病进展之间进行了疫苗接种状态比较.
- 使用多变量逻辑回归分析来衡量相关因素.
主要成果:
- 与未接种疫苗的人 (84.2%) 相比,接种疫苗的人的COVID-19住院可能性明显低.
- 在住院的COVID-19患者中,接种疫苗与严重疾病 (死亡或机械呼吸) 的可能性降低 (12.0%对24.7%).
- 根据患者的免疫能力和接种后的时间而有所不同,对免疫能力较强的个体和Moderna的mRNA-1273疫苗观察到更强烈的效果.
结论:
- mRNA COVID-19 疫苗接种与住院和严重疾病进展的可能性显著降低.
- 这些发现支持mRNA疫苗在降低COVID-19关键结果,包括死亡和机械通风风险方面的有效性.
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