克里斯普尔屏幕揭示了T细胞免疫的营养许可信号枢纽
Lingyun Long1, Jun Wei1, Seon Ah Lim1
1Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA.
Nature
|November 19, 2021
概括
营养素通过影响RAPAMYCIN复合体1 (mTORC1) 的机械标来调节适应性免疫. 这项研究确定了控制mTORC1信号的SEC31A和CCDC101等关键蛋白质,影响T细胞功能和免疫耐受性.
科学领域:
- 免疫学
- 细胞代谢
- 分子生物学
背景情况:
- 营养素是适应性免疫的关键调节剂.
- 环境营养信号与免疫路径的整合,特别是拉巴胺复合物1 (mTORC1) 路径的机制性标,仍未完全理解.
- mTORC1是细胞代谢和免疫细胞功能的中心调节者.
研究的目的:
- 在小鼠调控T (Treg) 细胞中识别控制营养和免疫受体依赖的mTORC1信号的调控模块.
- 阐明环境信号用于免疫调节的机制.
- 了解已识别的调节剂在T细胞功能和免疫耐受性的作用.
主要方法:
- 在小鼠调控T细胞中进行全基因组CRISPR查.
- 蛋白与蛋白相互作用网络分析.
- 在小鼠模型中评估T细胞原始化,抑制功能,炎症和抗瘤免疫力的体内研究.
主要成果:
- 通过稳定GATOR2组件SEC13来促进mTORC1的激活.
- 在小鼠中失去了SEC31A,损害了T细胞启动和Treg抑制功能.
- 发现SWI/ SNF复合物限制了CASTOR1的表达,增强了mTORC1的激活.
- 与CCDC101相关的SAGA复合体抑制mTORC1,限制营养物质运输体表达并维持T细胞静止.
- 在Treg细胞中Ccdc101的特定删除导致了不受控制的炎症,但增强了抗瘤免疫力.
结论:
- 表观遗传和翻译后机制通过营养物质输送器,传感器和传感器来调节mTORC1的活动,以响应免疫信号.
- SEC31A,SWI/SNF和SAGA复合体在调节T细胞免疫力和免疫耐受性方面发挥着关键作用.
- 了解这些营养感应途径对于授权T细胞免疫和建立免疫耐受性至关重要.
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