ecDNA枢纽驱动合作性分子间瘤基因表达
King L Hung1, Kathryn E Yost1, Liangqi Xie2,3,4
1Center for Personal Dynamic Regulomes, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
外染色体DNA (ecDNA) 枢纽聚集在一起,使得癌基因在癌症中过度表达. 一种叫做BRD4的蛋白质结合了这些枢纽, 抑制它减少了癌基因转录, 提供了潜在的癌症治疗点.
科学领域:
- 癌症生物学
- 分子瘤学
- 表观遗传学
背景情况:
- 外染色体DNA (ecDNA) 在人类癌症中很常见,通过基因放大和调节变化驱动瘤基因过度表达.
- 染色体内基因调节通常依赖于同一个染色体上接触基因的 cis 调节元素.
研究的目的:
- 调查ecDNA枢纽在促进癌基因过度表达中的作用.
- 确定参与ecDNA枢纽形成和功能的机制和蛋白质.
- 探索 ecDNA 中枢作为潜在的癌症治疗点.
主要方法:
- 在不同类型的癌细胞和瘤中观察ecDNA枢纽的形成.
- 利用BRD4抑制 (JQ1) 研究其对ecDNA枢纽和瘤基因转录的影响.
- 使用CRISPR干扰来系统地沉默eDNA增强剂.
- 通过ecDNA枢纽调解的分子间增强剂-基因相互作用.
主要成果:
- ecDNA枢纽,由10-100个ecDNA组成的集群,促进分子间增强剂-基因相互作用,促进瘤基因表达.
- BRD4蛋白与ecDNA枢纽结合,其抑制分散枢纽并降低瘤基因转录.
- 在ecDNA上与MYC融合的PVT1促进体接收到广泛的增强剂输入,驱动强烈的MYC表达.
- 分子间增强基因激活发生在多个瘤基因中,这些瘤基因在枢纽内的不同的ecDNA中被放大.
结论:
- 与蛋白质结合的ecDNA枢纽可以实现分子间的转录调节,作为瘤基因功能和合作进化的单位.
- 用JQ1等抑制剂向ecDNA枢纽是癌症治疗的一个有前途的策略.
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