在自身免疫过程中,类似肠道的Th17细胞产生致病效应T细胞
Alexandra Schnell1, Linglin Huang2, Meromit Singer3
1Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Klarman Cell Observatory, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
Cell
|December 7, 2021
概括
肠道Th17细胞对肠道健康至关重要, 这项研究揭示了这些非致病细胞如何转化为致病细胞,
科学领域:
- 免疫学
- 细胞生物学
- 自体免疫性
背景情况:
- 肠道T辅助细胞17 (Th17) 对组织平衡至关重要.
- 最近的研究将Th17细胞与肠外自身免疫性疾病,如多发性硬化症联系起来.
- Th17细胞在健康和疾病中的双重作用背后的确切机制尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 在体内研究组织Th17细胞的异质性,可塑性和迁移行为.
- 阐明肠道Th17细胞影响自身免疫疾病的机制.
主要方法:
- 使用了超过84,000个Th17细胞的结合命运映射和单细胞分析.
- 在恒常状态和中枢神经系统 (CNS) 自免疫炎症期间分析的转录和T细胞受体 (TCR) 克隆类型.
- 进行了器官间和器官内单细胞分析.
主要成果:
- 在肠道中发现了恒常的,类似干细胞的Th17细胞群 (TCF1 +,IL-17 +,SLAMF6 +),由微生物群维持.
- 证明这种肠道储存器是IL-23驱动的Th17脑细胞 (GM-CSF+,IFN-γ+,CXCR6+) 的来源.
- 在非致病性IL-17+ Th17细胞和致病性GM-CSF+/IFN-γ+ Th17细胞之间确立了直接的体内联系.
结论:
- 恒常性肠道Th17细胞可以分化为致病性Th17细胞,驱动肠外自身免疫性疾病.
- 这项研究提供了有关肠道Th17细胞如何导致自身免疫性炎症的机制性理解.
- 这些发现突显了一条关键的途径,它将肠道免疫与系统性自身免疫性疾病联系起来.
相关概念视频
T Cell Types and Functions
1.5K
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
1.5K
Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells
2.8K
The intestinal epithelial lining rapidly renews every 4 to 5 days. The renewal is facilitated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of the crypt– a gland located at the bottom of each villus. ISCs divide asymmetrically to form new stem cells and progenitor daughter cells. The daughter cells are called transit-amplifying (TA) cells which move upwards along the crypt and either differentiate into absorptive cells– the enterocytes or secretory cells– including the...
2.8K
Cell-mediated Immune Responses
75.3K
Overview
75.3K
What is the Immune System?
118.6K
Overview
118.6K
Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response
5.5K
The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
5.5K
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection
8.3K
T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
8.3K


