食纤维和益生菌影响肠道微生物和黑色素瘤免疫治疗反应
Christine N Spencer1, Jennifer L McQuade2, Vancheswaran Gopalakrishnan1
1Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
概括
饮食纤维摄入量和益生菌使用对癌症免疫治疗有重大影响. 较高的纤维摄入量与更好的结果相关,尤其是在没有益生菌的情况下,这表明饮食在免疫检查点阻塞治疗中起着至关重要的作用.
科学领域:
- 癌症学
- 免疫学
- 微生物组研究
背景情况:
- 免疫检查点 (ICB) 治疗是癌症治疗的基石.
- 肠道微生物组在调节ICB反应中的作用已得到认可,但饮食和补充剂的影响仍然不足.
- 了解这些相互作用对于优化癌症治疗效果至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究饮食习惯和益生菌补充剂对癌症患者ICB疗效的影响.
- 在临床前模型中探索饮食,肠道微生物群和抗瘤免疫之间的机制联系.
主要方法:
- 在128名接受ICB治疗的黑色素瘤患者中进行便微生物群分析,评估饮食习惯,并收集益生菌使用数据.
- 在小鼠模型中进行临床前研究,以评估低纤维饮食和益生菌对抗编程细胞死亡1 (抗PD-1) 治疗反应的影响.
- 在瘤微环境中分析免疫细胞群,特别是干扰素γ阳性细胞毒性T细胞.
主要成果:
- 在接受ICB治疗的患者中,较高的食纤维摄入量显著与无进展生存率的改善有关.
- 在充足的纤维摄入量和不使用益生菌的患者中观察到最显著的临床益处.
- 临床前模型证实,低纤维饮食或益生菌的使用会降低对抗PD-1治疗的反应.
- 在低纤维饮食或接受益生菌的小鼠的瘤微环境中观察到干扰素γ阳性T细胞的频率降低.
结论:
- 饮食纤维摄入量是影响免疫检查点阻断疗法的重要因素.
- 在接受ICB治疗的患者中,补充益生菌可能会抵消食纤维的益处.
- 这些发现强调了饮食干预和补充剂在接受癌症免疫治疗的患者的临床意义.
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