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Vanessa L Hale¹, Patricia M Dennis^1,2, Dillon S McBride¹

¹Veterinary Preventive Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA.

|December 23, 2021

概括

在俄俄州自由散居的白尾鹿很容易感染SARS-CoV-2,并且可以持续传播,可能为病毒创造新的进化途径. 这凸显了全球野生动物监测计划的必要性.

科学领域:

兽医病毒学
野生动物流行病学
传染性疾病

背景情况:

虽然SARS-CoV-2 (导致COVID-19的病毒) 已经感染了各种动物物种,但尚未确定持续存在的自然动物储存库.
了解潜在的野生动物库对于控制动物传染病和预防病毒演变至关重要.

研究的目的:

调查自由放牧的白尾鹿 (Odocoileus virginianus) 对SARS-CoV-2感染的易感性.
确定SARS-CoV-2是否可以在野生鹿群中持续传播.
分析在鹿中传播的SARS-CoV-2菌株的遗传特征.

主要方法:

使用逆转录的实时PCR检测了俄俄州东北部白尾鹿的鼻子样本中的SARS-CoV-2.
在2021年1月至3月期间,从6个地点收集了360只鹿的样本.
进行病毒测序以确定SARS-CoV-2的血统并检测遗传突变.

主要成果:

在35.8% (129/360) 的采样鹿中检测到SARS-CoV-2.
鹿感染了多种SARS-CoV-2血统 (B.1.2,B.1.582,B.1.596),包括在人类中普遍存在的菌株.
发现了可能由鹿传播的证据,以及病毒演变的证据,包括尖蛋白的突变.

结论:

自由散居的白尾鹿对SARS-CoV-2非常敏感,并且能够在自然界中持续传播.
在鹿群中传播的SARS-CoV-2为病毒进化带来了潜在的新途径.
迫切需要全面的"一健康"监测计划,以全球监测野生动物,包括鹿的动物传染病原体.

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