基于mRNA的COVID-19疫苗增强剂诱导对SARS-CoV-2 Omicron变种的中和免疫力
Wilfredo F Garcia-Beltran1, Kerri J St Denis2, Angelique Hoelzemer3
1Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
大多数接种疫苗的人无法检测到对SARS-CoV-2 Omicron的中和抗体. 然而,mRNA疫苗增强剂显著增强了抗体反应,对这种高度突变的变种提供了保护.
科学领域:
- 免疫学
- 病毒学
- 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 许多尖端蛋白突变的SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (BA.1/B.1.1.529) 变种的出现对疫苗诱导的免疫力构成威胁.
- 了解现有疫苗对抗新型病毒抗体反应的影响对于公共卫生至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 测量mRNA-1273,BNT162b和Ad26.COV2.S疫苗接种者对SARS-CoV-2变种的血清的中和功效.
- 评估疫苗接种时间和强剂对抗体反应的影响.
主要方法:
- 接种疫苗的人的血清 (mRNA-1273,BNT162b,Ad26.COV2.S) 进行了对野生型,Delta型和Omicron型SARS-CoV-2伪病毒的测试.
- 分析包括最近 (< 3 个月),远程 (6 - 12 个月) 主要系列的参与者,以及接受强剂量的参与者.
主要成果:
- 在未接种疫苗或初级系列疫苗接种者的血清中,Omicron变异的中和在很大程度上无法检测到.
- 与野生类型相比,接种mRNA疫苗的个体表现出强烈的Omicron中和,仅减少4至6倍.
- 与其他测试的SARS-CoV-2变种相比,Omicron伪病毒的感染效率更高.
结论:
- 用mRNA疫苗进行增强对于扩大中和抗体对抗像Omicron这样高度分歧的SARS-CoV-2变种至关重要.
- 额外的疫苗剂量增强了交叉中和,提供了对新出现的变种的重要防御层.
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