奥米克朗在很大程度上但不完全逃脱了瑞BNT162b2的中和
Sandile Cele1,2, Laurelle Jackson1, David S Khoury3
1Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa.
Nature
|January 11, 2022
概括
SARS-CoV-2 的 Omicron 变种显著减少了 Pfizer 疫苗抗体的中和作用. 然而,先前感染和接种疫苗的个体显示出对Omicron的一些残留保护,这表明接种疫苗的方法可以保持合理的防御.
科学领域:
- 病毒学
- 免疫学
- 疫苗学
背景情况:
- SARS-CoV-2 Omicron 变种 (B.1.1.529) 出现了可能逃避疫苗免疫力并导致再感染.
- 抗体中和是针对SARS-CoV-2疫苗保护的关键机制.
研究的目的:
- 调查用Pfizer BNT162b2接种疫苗的个体的抗体对Omicron变异的中和逃逸.
- 将之前感染SARS-CoV-2的和没有疫苗接种的个体的中和效率进行比较.
主要方法:
- 接种Pfizer BNT162b2疫苗后,从接种疫苗的个人 (有或没有先前感染) 采集的血液样本.
- 隔离和测序确认的活体Omicron变种病毒.
- 与原始SARS-CoV-2菌株相比,对Omicron的血中和进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 在两组接种疫苗的Omicron变种中,观察到疫苗引起的中和减少了22倍.
- 与仅接种疫苗的参与者相比,先前感染和接种疫苗的参与者表现出更高的祖先菌株中和.
- 在先前感染和接种疫苗的个体中,Omicron的残留中和仅接种疫苗的个体的祖先菌株中和可比.
结论:
- 疫苗接种方法可以提供对Omicron变种的合理保护.
- 之前感染和接种疫苗可能会增强对SARS-CoV-2变种的中和能力.
- 奥米克朗利用ACE2受体进入细胞,类似于其他SARS-CoV-2菌株.
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