奥米克朗变种对抗体中介中和具有高度耐药性:对控制COVID-19大流行的影响
Markus Hoffmann1, Nadine Krüger2, Sebastian Schulz3
1Infection Biology Unit, German Primate Center, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; Faculty of Biology and Psychology, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Wilhelmsplatz 1, 37073 Göttingen, Germany.
Cell
|January 13, 2022
概括
SARS-CoV-2 的 Omicron 变种对大多数抗体具有抗性. 可能需要进行补充疫苗接种,以获得足够的防治这种快速传播的病毒.
科学领域:
- 病毒学
- 免疫学
- 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 在全球范围内,SARS-CoV-2 Omicron 变种呈现出快速传播.
- 在Omicron尖端蛋白中的众多突变引起了对抗体逃避的担忧.
研究的目的:
- 评估Omicron尖端蛋白对治疗抗体和疫苗接种或感染诱导的抗体中和的敏感性.
- 为了比较Omicron的免疫规避能力与Delta变种的免疫规避能力.
主要方法:
- 使用各种类型的抗体进行了体外中和试验,包括治疗性单克隆抗体,康复期患者的抗体和接种疫苗的患者的抗体.
- * 通过测量抗体存在的病毒感染性降低来量化中和效率.
主要成果:
- * Omicron尖端蛋白对大多数已测试的治疗抗体呈现耐药性,而索特罗维马布则保持抑制活性.
- * 康复期或双重接种疫苗 (BioNTech- Pfizer BNT162b2) 个体的抗体对奥米克朗突发病毒的中和逃逸显著高于 (比特拉变种高出12~44倍).
- * 虽然异种ChAdOx1/ BNT162b2疫苗接种或三剂BNT162b2疫苗可以改善中和作用,但Omicron仍能比Delta更有效地避开抗体.
结论:
- * 大多数治疗抗体可能对SARS-CoV-2 Omicron变种无效.
- * 用BNT162b2进行双重免疫可能不会对Omicron引起的严重疾病提供足够的保护.
- * 需要进一步研究助推策略和变种特异性抗体反应.
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