在COVID-19中,cGAS-STING途径驱动了I型IFN免疫病理
Jeremy Di Domizio1, Muhammet F Gulen2, Fanny Saidoune1
1Department of Dermatology, CHUV University Hospital and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
Nature
|January 19, 2022
概括
干扰素基因 (STING) 的循环GMP-AMP合成酶 (cGAS) 刺激途径导致COVID-19的有害炎症. 在小鼠中抑制STING可降低肺炎并改善结果,这表明了新的治疗点.
科学领域:
- 免疫学
- 病毒学
- 病理学
背景情况:
- COVID-19的发病包括肺部和肺外的并发症.
- I型干扰素 (IFN) 在COVID-19中起着双重作用,持续的晚期增加与不良结果有关.
- 循环GMP-AMP合成酶 (cGAS) 刺激干扰素基因 (STING) 途径对于细胞核DNA感知和免疫反应至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查cGAS-STING途径在COVID-19中异常类型的IFN反应中的作用.
- 确定导致COVID-19病理性炎症的细胞机制.
- 探索STING作为COVID-19潜在的治疗目标.
主要方法:
- 分析COVID-19的皮肤表现,以确定IFN的特征.
- 对COVID-19患者的肺组织样本进行cGAS-STING活动分析.
- 使用芯片上的肺模型研究SARS-CoV-2感染和cGAS-STING激活.
- 在SARS-CoV-2感染的小鼠模型中抑制STING.
主要成果:
- 在受损内皮附近的巨细胞介导的COVID-19皮肤病变中发现了一种依赖于STING的I型IFN特征.
- cGAS-STING活动与COVID-19肺部的I型IFN反应和组织破坏相关.
- 通过线粒体DNA释放,SARS-CoV-2感染激活了内皮细胞中的cGAS-STING,导致细胞死亡和IFN产生.
- 在小鼠中抑制STING显著降低了SARS-CoV-2引起的肺炎,改善了疾病的结果.
结论:
- cGAS-STING 途径是COVID-19 病理型I IFN反应的关键驱动因素.
- 对cGAS-STING的内皮细胞激活有助于COVID-19的肺病理.
- STING 抑制是对严重的 COVID-19 具有前景的宿主导治疗策略.
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