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相关概念视频

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview01:03

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview

1.2K
NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of...
1.2K
Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)01:20

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)

1.2K
Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...
1.2K
Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling01:17

Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling

1.1K
Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
1.1K
Quantum Numbers02:43

Quantum Numbers

43.8K
It is said that the energy of an electron in an atom is quantized; that is, it can be equal only to certain specific values and can jump from one energy level to another but not transition smoothly or stay between these levels.
43.8K
Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview

1.1K
In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
Qualitatively, any spin plus-half nucleus polarizes the spins of its electrons to the minus-half state. Consequently, the paired electron in the hydrogen–carbon bond must...
1.1K
The Pauli Exclusion Principle03:06

The Pauli Exclusion Principle

53.3K
The arrangement of electrons in the orbitals of an atom is called its electron configuration. We describe an electron configuration with a symbol that contains three pieces of information:
53.3K

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相关实验视频

Updated: Oct 6, 2025

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
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Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform

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量子逻辑与旋转量子比特跨越了表面代码值

Xiao Xue1,2, Maximilian Russ1,2, Nodar Samkharadze1,3

  • 1QuTech, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands.

Nature
|January 20, 2022
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

研究人员在量子处理器中实现了超过99.5%的单位和两位量子门的可靠性. 这种高保真度量子控制的突破为容错的量子计算铺平了道路.

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科学领域:

  • 量子计算
  • 半导体物理

背景情况:

  • 对于可靠的量子算法和故障耐受性来说,高准确度的量子位 (量子位) 控制是必不可少的.
  • 半导体自旋量子比特的主要目标是达到99%以上的双量子比特门忠实度,这对于可扩展的量子处理器至关重要.
  • 表面代码是领先的量子错误校正代码,需要错误率低于大约1%的容错率.

研究的目的:

  • 展示一个基于自旋的量子处理器, 具有异常高的单量子比特和双量子比特.
  • 评估这些高保真门的性能,包括交叉声和空误差.
  • 执行一个复杂的量子算法, 变量量子自溶解器, 使用开发的高保真度门集.

主要方法:

  • 基于的量子处理器的制造和操作.
  • 使用门式断层扫描来精确测量单量子位和双量子位门的忠实度.
  • 实现分子基态能量计算的变量量子自溶算法.

主要成果:

  • 实现超过99.5%的单量子位和双量子位网关保真.
  • 保持平均单量子比特门保真率高于99%,即使考虑到交叉通话和空误差.
  • 成功执行了变量量子自溶解算法,证明了高保真度门的实际应用.

结论:

  • 开发的量子处理器超过了关键的99%的两量子比特门忠实度值,
  • 半导体自旋量子比特现在有很强的地位,
  • 这些高保真度门在当前杂的中等尺度量子设备时代具有前景.