在COVID-19封锁期间环境NO2的全球细度变化
Matthew J Cooper1,2, Randall V Martin3,4,5, Melanie S Hammer3,4
1Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. cooperm2@dal.ca.
Nature
|January 20, 2022
概括
由于COVID-19的封锁,全球的二氧化 (NO2) 空气污染显著减少. 卫星数据显示,在严格封锁的国家中,二氧化的度下降了29%,为空气质量变化提供了关键的见解.
科学领域:
- 大气化学和空气污染监测
- 环境科学与公共卫生
背景情况:
- 二氧化 (NO2) 是一个主要的空气污染物,对健康有重大影响.
- 由于COVID-19的封锁,全球NO2度有所下降.
- 关于卫星NO2数据与地面度和全球代表性的关系存在不确定性.
研究的目的:
- 从卫星数据中获得空间分辨率的全球NO2度.
- 评估COVID-19封锁期间在200多个城市的NO2变化 (2020与2019).
- 评估封锁对二氧化的影响,特别是在缺乏地面监测的地区.
主要方法:
- 采用TROPOMI卫星数据以在1公里分辨率下推导NO2柱密度.
- 根据卫星观测计算全球地面NO2度.
- 2020年 (封锁) 与全球众多城市的2019年NO2度进行比较.
主要成果:
- 在严格封锁的国家中,按人口加权的平均NO2度较低29%±3%.
- 超过200个城市的量化NO2减少,其中65个城市没有地面监测.
- 在封锁期间观察到的NO2减少超过了最近的排放控制减少,相当于15年±4年的全球减少.
结论:
- 空间分辨率的卫星 NO2 估计对于评估空气质量变化至关重要,尤其是在数据稀缺的地区.
- 封锁对二氧化的影响因国家和排放部门而异,强调需要本地化数据.
- 基于卫星的NO2监测为减排战略的有效性提供了宝贵的见解.
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