通过家长接种疫苗,间接保护儿童免受SARS-CoV-2感染
Samah Hayek1, Galit Shaham1, Yatir Ben-Shlomo1
1Clalit Research Institute, Clalit Health Services, Ramat Gan, Israel.
概括
父母对SARS-CoV-2的疫苗接种显著保护未接种疫苗的儿童. 即使是一名接种疫苗的家长也会降低感染风险,而两名接种疫苗的家长提供了相当大的家庭保护.
科学领域:
- 免疫学
- 公共卫生
- 儿童医学
背景情况:
- 未接种疫苗的儿童可以获得接种疫苗的接触者的保护.
- 在家庭中预防严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2) 传播方面,BNT162b2疫苗的有效性是一个关键的公共卫生问题.
- 了解间接保护对于儿童疫苗接种策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 估计父母对 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗接种对同一家庭未接种疫苗的儿童的保护作用.
- 评估不同疫苗接种情况对儿童感染风险的影响 (单双接种疫苗的父母).
- 分析不同SARS-CoV-2变种时期 (阿尔法和三角形) 的保护.
主要方法:
- 针对未接种疫苗的儿童和至少一名父母的家庭,采用了队列研究设计.
- 数据是在2021年1月至3月 (阿尔法变种) 和2021年7月至9月 (三角洲变种) 期间收集的.
- 在未接种疫苗的儿童中,感染风险根据父母的疫苗接种情况进行了比较 (没有接种疫苗,两剂或强剂).
主要成果:
- 单独接种疫苗的父母与未接种疫苗的儿童感染风险降低了26. 0% (早期) 和20. 8% (晚期).
- 两个接种疫苗的父母与71. 7% (早期) 和58. 1% (晚期) 的感染风险下降有关.
- 父母接种疫苗对未接种疫苗的儿童有显著的间接保护作用.
结论:
- 父母用BNT162b2接种疫苗对家庭中未接种疫苗的儿童提供了相当大的保护.
- 这些发现支持家长接种疫苗对社区免疫力和儿童保护的重要性.
- 通过家庭接触间接保护是儿童SARS-CoV-2预防策略的重要组成部分.
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