疫苗引起对SARS-CoV-2 Omicron的高度保存的细胞免疫力
Jinyan Liu1, Abishek Chandrashekar1, Daniel Sellers1
1Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
Nature
|February 1, 2022
概括
目前的疫苗对SARS-CoV-2 Omicron变种产生强大的T细胞免疫力. 细胞免疫反应表现出广泛的交叉反应,解释了疫苗对严重疾病的有效性.
科学领域:
- 免疫学
- 病毒学
- 疫苗学
背景情况:
- SARS-CoV-2 Omicron 变种表现出显著的突变,导致免疫系统逃避当前疫苗中和抗体.
- 细胞免疫力,特别是CD8+ T细胞反应,对于预防严重的SARS-CoV-2感染至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查疫苗诱导的细胞免疫力对SARS-CoV-2 Omicron变异的保护.
- 评估Ad26.COV2.S和BNT162b2疫苗引起的T细胞反应的交叉反应性.
主要方法:
- 用Ad26.COV2.S或BNT162b2接种疫苗的个体中特异性CD8+和CD4+T细胞反应的分析.
- 在各种T细胞亚群中对SARS-CoV-2 WA1/2020,Delta和Omicron尖端蛋白的T细胞交叉反应性的评估.
主要成果:
- 疫苗诱导的细胞免疫力,包括CD8+和CD4+T细胞反应,对Omicron尖端蛋白具有很高的保护性.
- 突发特异性T细胞反应在中央和效应器记忆细胞中表现出广泛的交叉反应性.
- 特定于Omicron突起的CD8+T细胞响应的中位数为WA1/ 2020的82-84%.
结论:
- 目前的疫苗对SARS-CoV-2 Omicron变种保持显著的细胞免疫反应.
- 尽管中和抗体反应减少,但保留的T细胞免疫力为观察到的对严重的Omicron诱导疾病的保护提供了免疫基础.
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