一种特定于营养的肠道激素在求爱和养之间进行仲裁
Hui-Hao Lin1, Meihua Christina Kuang1, Imran Hossain1,2
1Neurobiology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Nature
|February 10, 2022
概括
在果中, 吃富含蛋白质的食物会迅速改变它们的行为, 一种肠道激素,尿液激素31 (Dh31), 指示大脑改变优先事项.
科学领域:
- 神经科学
- 动物的行为
- 内分泌学
背景情况:
- 动物必须根据内部状态和外部线索在食和求爱等行为之间进行动态切换.
- 了解这些行为转变的分子和神经元基础对于理解决策过程至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究Drosophila melanogaster从食转向求爱行为的分子和神经元机制.
- 确定肠道信号在调节这些行为优先事项中的作用.
主要方法:
- 使用Drosophila melanogaster作为一个模型生物.
- 使用成像来研究神经元活动动力学.
- 在完整的中进行三光子功能成像.
- 使用光遗传学来刺激特定的细胞群.
主要成果:
- 饥饿的雄优先考虑食而不是求爱, 但摄入富含蛋白质的食物很快就会扭转这种偏好.
- 一种特定于营养的肠道激素,即尿激素31 (Dh31),在摄入富含蛋白质的食物时会释放出来.
- 通过循环,Dh31迅速激发特定的大脑神经元表达它的受体 (Dh31R).
- 两个不同的Dh31R+神经元群调节食 (通过阿拉托斯坦-C) 和求爱 (通过心脏素).
结论:
- 肠道Dh31作为一个关键信号, 在蛋白质消耗后迅速从食转变为求爱行为.
- 这种荷尔蒙信号涉及到大脑中的不同神经元路径,
- 这项研究揭示了通过肠-大脑沟通将营养摄入与行为优先级联系起来的保存机制.
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