对mRNA疫苗接种的B细胞反应的生殖中心驱动成熟
Wooseob Kim1, Julian Q Zhou1, Stephen C Horvath1
1Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA.
Nature
|February 15, 2022
概括
接种SARS-CoV-2mRNA疫苗会引发长期的生殖中心反应,从而产生高效的,成熟的抗体,在接种疫苗后六个月中和病毒.
科学领域:
- 免疫学
- 疫苗学
- 分子生物学
背景情况:
- 生殖中心 (GC) 对于B细胞亲和力成熟至关重要,产生记忆B细胞 (MBC) 和长寿骨髓血细胞 (BMPC).
- 接种SARS-CoV-2mRNA疫苗会引起人类持续性GC反应,持续至少六个月.
- 疫苗接种后GCB细胞的长期命运和功能影响尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 在mRNA疫苗接种后调查SARS-CoV-2尖端特异性B细胞克隆的演变和功能后果.
- 确定由SARS-CoV-2 mRNA疫苗接种产生的记忆B细胞和血细胞的特征.
- 评估体质突变积累对抗体活性和中和能力的影响.
主要方法:
- 从血细胞,MBC,淋巴结GCB细胞和BMPC中测序B细胞受体.
- 来自BMPC克隆的单克隆抗体的表达和特征
- 实体突变 (SHM) 频率的量化和抗体激发性测试.
主要成果:
- 在六个月的时间里,SARS-CoV-2 mRNA 疫苗注射引发了持续的 GC 反应,并增加了 GC B 细胞中的 SHM 频率.
- 标点特异性MBC和BMPC积累了显著的SHM,与增强的抗体激活相关.
- 来自BMPC的单克隆抗体表现出对SARS-CoV-2的增强亲和力和强大的中和能力.
结论:
- 在SARS-CoV-2 mRNA疫苗接种后持续的GC反应导致长期抗体反应,增强亲和力和中和力.
- 这项研究阐明了对持续病毒保护至关重要的抗体反应的成熟过程.
- 这些发现突显了mRNA疫苗在产生持久性体内免疫力方面的有效性.
相关概念视频
01:24B Cell Activation and Differentiation
8.5K
The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
8.5K
01:23Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response
5.3K
The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
5.3K
01:51Vaccinations
45.6K
Overview
45.6K
01:28Diversity of Antigen Receptors
877
Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
877
01:40Cell-mediated Immune Responses
74.8K
Overview
74.8K
01:22Development of Immunocompetence
484
The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
484