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相关概念视频

Gross Anatomy of the Lungs01:17

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The lungs are a pair of vital organs connected to the trachea via the left and right bronchi. The base of these organs meets the dome-shaped muscle known as the diaphragm. Encased by the pleurae, the lungs contact the mediastinum. The right lung is shorter yet wider, and has a larger volume than the left lung. The left lung has an indentation known as the cardiac notch. The superior region of the lungs is referred to as the apex, whereas the base is the lower region near the diaphragm. The...
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Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
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Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
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相关实验视频

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肺部微生物组调节大脑自身免疫力

Leon Hosang1, Roger Cugota Canals1, Felicia Joy van der Flier1

  • 1Institute for Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis Research, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.

Nature
|February 24, 2022
PubMed
概括

肺部微生物组影响大脑的免疫反应和对中枢神经系统自身免疫性疾病的易感性. 肺部细菌的失调会通过新的肺脑轴影响T细胞激活和疾病的发展.

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科学领域:

  • 神经免疫学
  • 微生物组研究
  • 自身免疫性疾病

背景情况:

  • 肺部感染和吸烟是多发性硬化症的危险因素,
  • 肺部是诱导疾病的T细胞的位置, 对于它们的生存和成熟至关重要.
  • 肺组织在大脑自身免疫性疾病中的具体作用尚不清楚.

研究的目的:

  • 研究肺部微生物群与大脑免疫反应之间的联系.
  • 确定肺微生物组失调如何影响中枢神经系统自身免疫性疾病的易感性.
  • 阐明肺脑轴在自身免疫性疾病发展中的机制.

主要方法:

  • 利用大鼠模型研究肺部微生物组操纵对自身免疫疾病发展的影响.
  • 用于改变肺微生物组成的抗生素 (neomycin,polymyxin B).
  • 评估免疫细胞激活,细胞因子概况和中枢神经系统自身免疫性疾病的临床症状.

主要成果:

  • 肺部微生物组失调显著改变了大鼠对实验性自身免疫脑炎的敏感性.
  • 治疗neomycin,丰富的脂多糖生成细菌,诱导了类型I干扰素的状态在微质,损害了对II类干扰素的反应.
  • 这导致神经炎症,免疫细胞透和疾病的临床症状减少.

结论:

  • 有一个功能性肺脑轴,由肺微生物组介导.
  • 肺部微生物组在调节中枢神经系统免疫反应方面起着至关重要的作用.
  • 肺部微生物群的调节可以影响影响影响大脑的自身免疫性疾病的易感性和严重性.