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相关概念视频

Primary and Secondary Growth in Roots and Shoots03:02

Primary and Secondary Growth in Roots and Shoots

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Vascular plants, which account for over 90% of the Earth’s vegetation, all undergo primary growth—which lengthens roots and shoots. Many land plants, notably woody plants, also undergo secondary growth—which thickens roots and shoots.
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Meristems and Plant Growth02:36

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Plants grow throughout their lives; this is called indeterminate growth, and it distinguishes plants from most animals. Although certain parts of plants stop growing (e.g., leaves and flowers), others grow continuously—like roots and stems.
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Gravitropism: Plant Responses to Gravity
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The primary organs of vascular plants are roots, stems, and leaves, but these structures can be highly variable, adapted for the specific needs and environment of different plant species.
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Specialized tissues in plant roots have evolved to capture water, minerals, and some ions from the soil. Roots exhibit a variety of branching patterns that facilitate this process. The outermost root cells have specialized structures called root hairs that increase the root surface, thus increasing soil contact. Water can passively cross into roots, as the concentration of water in the soil is higher than that of the root tissue. Minerals, in contrast, are actively transported into root cells.
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Seed structures are composed of a protective seed coat surrounding a plant embryo, and a food store for the developing embryo. The embryo contains the precursor tissues for leaves, stem, and roots. The endosperm and cotyledons—seed leaves—act as the food reserves for the growing embryo.
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相关实验视频

Updated: Oct 1, 2025

Author Spotlight: Optimizing Hairy Root-Based Transformation Protocols for Enhanced Efficiency in Brassicaceae
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Author Spotlight: Optimizing Hairy Root-Based Transformation Protocols for Enhanced Efficiency in Brassicaceae

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从发芽中形成根

Lidor Shaar-Moshe1,2, Siobhan M Brady1,2

  • 1Department of Plant Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|March 3, 2022
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

识别控制根部发育的基因是改善植物农业的关键. 了解这些遗传因素将彻底改变农作物生产和粮食安全.

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相关实验视频

Last Updated: Oct 1, 2025

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A Simple Chamber for Long-term Confocal Imaging of Root and Hypocotyl Development
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科学领域:

  • 植物遗传学和分子生物学
  • 农业科学
  • 提高作物质量

背景情况:

  • 根系结构是植物生产力的关键决定因素.
  • 对根部发育的遗传控制仍然不完全理解.
  • 根类型的变化会影响营养和水分的吸收.

研究的目的:

  • 识别和描述管理多种根形态的基因.
  • 了解根系变异的遗传基础.
  • 提供针对性作物育种的基础.

主要方法:

  • 在多种植物种群中进行全基因组关联研究 (GWAS).
  • 使用RNA测序进行基因表达分析.
  • 突变查和根部发育的特征.

主要成果:

  • 发现与特定根特征相关的新基因 (例如,侧根形成,主根延长).
  • 确定控制根架构的关键监管途径.
  • 基因表达模式和观察到的根表型之间的相关性.

结论:

  • 释放根源发展的遗传基础为农业带来了变革的潜力.
  • 这些发现为改进农作物的根系铺平了道路.
  • 有针对性的基因操纵可以提高植物的抗压能力和资源获取能力.