岩中的水含量控制着岩爆发前的深度
Daniel J Rasmussen1,2, Terry A Plank2, Diana C Roman3
1National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|March 10, 2022
概括
预测火山喷发使用基于物理的模型. 岩存储深度比中性浮力更深,与水脱气有关,而不是浮力,影响喷发预测.
科学领域:
- 地质学
- 火山学
- 地质化学
背景情况:
- 基于物理的模型对于预测火山爆发至关重要.
- 爆发前的岩储存条件需要量化估计.
- 弧形火山下面的岩存储深度非常可变,通常被认为处于中性浮力水平.
研究的目的:
- 在活跃的火山口下面的岩存储深度的初级控制.
- 为了确定中性浮力或水脱气是否更好地解释观察到的岩深度.
- 改进基于物理的火山爆发预测模型的数量限制.
主要方法:
- 对地质物理观察到的岩储存深度的分析.
- 观察到的深度与计算的中性浮力深度的比较.
- 在不同的含水量上升的岩石中模拟水脱气过程.
主要成果:
- 地质学观察到的岩深度 (6±3公里) 比中性浮力深度大得多.
- 观察到的岩深度与预测的水脱气深度一致.
- 潮湿的岩在更深处脱气并结晶,增加粘度并导致更深的岩停滞.
结论:
- 中性浮力不是控制岩火山下的岩储存深度的主要因素.
- 水含量和随后的脱气是控制岩存储深度和停滞的关键因素.
- 水含量与储存深度之间的关系为改善火山爆发预测模型提供了至关重要的约束.
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