人体肠道细菌产生T H 17调节胆酸代谢物
Donggi Paik1, Lina Yao2, Yancong Zhang3,4
1Department of Immunology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Nature
|March 17, 2022
概括
肠道细菌产生胆汁酸,抑制T助手17 (TH17) 细胞的分化. 这些免疫调节胆汁酸的水平降低与炎症性肠道疾病有关,这表明它们在肠道炎症中起作用.
科学领域:
- 微生物学
- 免疫学
- 胃肠病学
背景情况:
- 肠道微生物群在维持免疫平衡方面起着至关重要的作用.
- 细菌影响宿主免疫细胞的发育和功能,特别是T辅助细胞17 (TH17).
- 已知胆酸代谢物,如3 - oxolithocholic酸 (3 - oxoLCA),可以调节TH17细胞的分化.
研究的目的:
- 确定产生3-oxoLCA和相关免疫调节胆酸的特定肠道细菌.
- 研究这些胆汁酸影响TH17细胞分化的机制.
- 确定这些胆汁酸及其生物合成途径与炎症性肠病 (IBD) 的关联.
主要方法:
- 使用细菌培养和酶定量来识别从石灰酸中产生3-oxoLCA和异石醇酸 (isoLCA) 的细菌.
- 在体外评估了3- oxoLCA和isoLCA对TH17细胞分化的影响.
- 患者样本中的胆酸和基因表达量.
主要成果:
- 特定的人类肠道细菌及其能够合成3-oxoLCA和isoLCA的3α-类固醇脱酶.
- 通过抑制转录因子RORγt,证明3oxoLCA和isoLCA都抑制TH17细胞的分化.
- 在IBD患者中发现3- oxoLCA,isoLCA及其生物合成基因水平显著降低.
- 在IBD患者中观察到这些胆酸水平与TH17细胞相关基因表达之间的反向相关性.
结论:
- 细菌产生的胆酸,包括3-oxoLCA和isoLCA,是TH17细胞功能的强有力的抑制剂.
- 这些免疫调节胆汁酸及其生物合成途径在IBD中的减少表明它们具有保护作用.
- 这些发现突显了肠道细菌,胆酸代谢和IBD等炎症性疾病的发病关系.
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