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Updated: May 12, 2026

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编者纠正:在Drosophila的痕迹和延迟条件下存在不同的机制

Dhruv Grover1, Jen-Yung Chen1, Jiayun Xie1

  • 1Kavli Institute for Brain and Mind, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.

Nature
|March 23, 2022
PubMed
概括

No abstract available in PubMed .

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In 1928, a German botanist Emil Heitz observed the moss nuclei with a DNA binding dye. He observed that while some chromatin regions decondense and spread out in the interphase nucleus, others do not. He termed them euchromatin and heterochromatin, respectively. He proposed that the heterochromatin regions reflect a functionally inactive state of the genome. It was later confirmed that heterochromatin is transcriptionally repressed, and euchromatin is transcriptionally active chromatin.
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In most organisms, sex is determined by the ratio of X and Y chromosomes. However, in some organisms, such as Drosophila and C.elegans, sex is determined by the ratio of the number of X chromosomes to the number of sets of autosomes. The Y chromosome in Drosophila is active but does not determine sex. It contains genes responsible for the production of sperms in adult flies.  
Normal male Drosophila has a ratio of one X chromosome to two sets of autosomes. In contrast, normal female Drosophila...