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灵长类大脑中的抑制神经元的发展和演变

Matthew T Schmitz^1,2, Kadellyn Sandoval^2,3, Christopher P Chen^1,2

¹Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.

|March 24, 2022

概括

灵长类大脑中的进化新型抑制神经元 (INs) 源于保存的发育途径. 研究人员发现了两个机制:独特的祖先程序和前体细胞重定向,

科学领域:

神经科学
发育生物学
进化生物学

背景情况:

灵长类的大脑表现出抑制性神经元 (IN) 多样性的增加,但新型细胞的发育机制尚不清楚.
了解神经元进化需要在大脑发育过程中检查基因表达.

研究的目的:

在和小鼠中重建IN的基因表达轨迹.
在灵长类动物中确定进化新型IN的发育机制.

主要方法:

从和小鼠的250,181个细胞的转录组分析.
在神经发生过程中重建基因表达轨迹.
对不同物种的IN发展进行比较分析.

主要成果:

产前的IN类在哺乳动物中很大程度上保留.
灵长类特异性TAC3条形IN通过独特的原始程序发展.
保存的嗅觉球体前体被重新用于灵长类体和白质的发展.
状体中的一个新型周围神经元类类似于嗅觉球体的多巴胺细胞.

结论:

两种不同的机制有助于新型IN的进化:独特的原始细胞特异化和前体细胞重定向.
保存的神经元前体可以被重新利用来填充扩大的大脑区域.
这项研究提出了灵长类动物IN多样化的进化模型,并提供了哺乳动物IN的统一发育分类.

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