通过氧化状态控制进行超高效的美洲/兰化物分离
Zhipeng Wang1, Jun-Bo Lu2, Xue Dong1
1Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|March 30, 2022
概括
研究人员开发了一种新方法,通过稳定五价 (Am) 来分离美洲 (Am) 和 (Ln). 这一突破为核废物处理提供了高效的分离因子.
科学领域:
- 核化学
- 放射化学
- 分离科学
背景情况:
- 对于核能和废物管理而言,兰化物/动化物分离至关重要.
- 由于它们的化学性质相似,将美洲 (Am) 与 (Ln) 分离是具有挑战性的.
- 通过氧化进行Am分离的现有方法受到较高Am氧化状态的不稳定性限制.
研究的目的:
- 开发一种有效分离Am和Ln的新方法.
- 稳定五价Am (Am ((V)) 以改善分离.
- 建立一种研究Am高氧化状态化学的新方法.
主要方法:
- Am(III) 与二甲基胺连接物的协调.
- 在有机溶剂中使用BiV物种将Am (III) 氧化为Am (V).
- 用于 Am/Ln 分离的溶剂提取技术.
- 量子理论模型阐明反应机制.
主要成果:
- 成功生成和稳定五价氨 (Am(V)).
- 在单个提取步骤中获得Am与Ln的异常高分离系数 (>10^4).
- 证明在有机溶剂中有效地发生协同协调和氧化过程.
- 阐明了Am(V) 的形成和稳定机制.
结论:
- 这种新的策略可实现稳定的Am(V) 形成,促进高效的Am/Ln分离.
- 这种方法为核废物处理和核燃料循环带来了重大进步.
- 开辟了探索Am高氧化状态化学的新途径.
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