十个基因中的罕见编码变异给精神分裂症带来了相当大的风险
Tarjinder Singh1,2,3, Timothy Poterba4,5, David Curtis6,7
1Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. tsingh@broadinstitute.org.
在10个基因中极为罕见的编码变异显著增加了精神分裂症的风险. 这些在脑神经元中高度表达的基因对突触功能至关重要,涉及到精神分裂症发病的谷氨酸系统功能障碍.
科学领域:
- 神经遗传学
- 精神疾病
背景情况:
- 罕见的编码变异是理解基因功能和疾病的关键.
- 精神分裂症的发病包括复杂的遗传因素.
研究的目的:
- 识别具有精神分裂症重大风险的超罕见编码变体 (URV).
- 探索与精神分裂症风险基因相关的生物功能和途径.
主要方法:
- 从24,248例精神分裂症病例和97,322例对照病例的全外体测序数据进行元分析.
- 统计分析以确定与精神分裂症风险相关的URV基因 (P < 2. 14 × 10-6).
主要成果:
- 鉴定了10个具有URV的基因,具有相当大的精神分裂症风险 (ORs 3-50) 和32个额外的基因,错误发现率<5%.
- 相关基因在中枢神经系统神经元中表达高,并参与突触形成,结构和功能.
- 发现与自闭症谱系障碍,和严重神经发育障碍的罕见变异风险重叠.
- 在以前从常见变异分析中优先考虑的基因中证明了罕见变异风险的丰富,这表明遗传风险因素的趋同.
结论:
- 特定基因的超稀有编码变异代表了精神分裂症的重大风险因素.
- 支持GRIN2A和GRIA3的关联,是关键的机械学假设.
- 精神分裂症与其他神经发育和神经障碍有共同的遗传风险因素,尽管可能涉及不同的突变类型.
- 既常见又罕见的基因变异都会导致精神分裂症的风险,
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