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The female reproductive system can be affected by several disorders, including Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS), Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD), endometriosis, and various forms of cancer. PMS and PMDD are cyclical conditions that cause physical and emotional distress, with symptoms that include edema, mood swings, and food cravings. PMDD is a more severe form of PMS characterized by increased symptom severity that peaks during the luteal phase and tends to improve or resolve shortly after...
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Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
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The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...
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子宫内膜癌

Emma J Crosbie1, Sarah J Kitson2, Jessica N McAlpine3

  • 1Gynaecological Oncology Research Group, Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.

Lancet (London, England)
|April 10, 2022
PubMed
概括

主要由肥胖引起的子宫内膜癌是一个日益严重的全球性问题, 研究对于改善高风险女性的治疗结果和优化所有患者的生存率至关重要.

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科学领域:

  • 妇科瘤学
  • 癌症流行病学
  • 肥胖和癌症研究

背景情况:

  • 在高收入国家, 子宫内膜癌是最常见的妇科恶性瘤, 全球发病率正在上升.
  • 肥胖率的增加被认为是这一趋势的主要驱动因素, 造成了重大诊断和治疗挑战.
  • 虽然早期的疾病通常可以通过切除子宫进行治疗,但晚期子宫内膜癌的预后不佳,需要改进策略.

研究的目的:

  • 审查子宫内膜癌的诊断,治疗和预防当前的趋势,挑战和进展.
  • 突出肥胖对子宫内膜癌发病率和治疗的影响.
  • 讨论新兴的分子洞察力和子宫内膜癌的未来治疗方向.

主要方法:

  • 对子宫内膜癌的流行病学数据,诊断方式,手术技术和辅助疗法的文献综述.
  • 对肥胖在子宫内膜癌发育和进展中的作用的分析.
  • 探索分子生物学的最新进展,并将其转化为向疗法.

主要成果:

  • 与传统方法相比,微创手术分期和哨戒淋巴结活检可以降低患病率,但不会影响瘤的结果.
  • 在中期和高风险子宫内膜癌病例中,辅助放射治疗有效降低了局部复发.
  • 了解子宫内膜癌的分子生物学使得针对各种疾病的向化疗策略的开发成为可能.

结论:

  • 肥胖是子宫内膜癌发病率上升的一个关键因素,
  • 目前的手术和辅助治疗,包括微创技术和放射治疗,改善了特定患者群体的治疗结果.
  • 基于分子分析的向疗法有望在未来改善辅助性,晚期和复发性子宫内膜癌的治疗.