塑造荷兰人口肠道微生物群的环境因素
R Gacesa1,2, A Kurilshikov2, A Vich Vila1,2
1University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Nature
|April 14, 2022
概括
环境因素和共同生活显著塑造了肠道微生物组, 这项研究揭示了跨疾病的共享微生物体特征,独立于并发症,有助于向治疗.
科学领域:
- 微生物组研究
- 人类健康和疾病
- 遗传学与环境的相互作用
背景情况:
- 肠道微生物组与各种疾病有关,
- 了解影响肠道微生物组的因素 (基因,暴露组,生活方式,饮食) 对健康和疾病至关重要.
- 目前的研究缺乏关于这些因素如何相互作用塑造微生物群的全面数据.
研究的目的:
- 综合描述肠道微生物组的细菌组成,功能,抗生素耐药性和毒性因素.
- 研究遗传学,环境,生活方式和饮食对大群体肠道微生物群的影响.
- 确定微生物组特征与宿主/环境因素之间的关联,包括健康和疾病状态.
主要方法:
- 分析了8208名荷兰人的细菌组成,功能,抗生素耐药性和毒性因素.
- 与241个宿主和环境因素 (健康,药物,饮食,社会经济地位,暴露) 相关联的微生物组数据.
- 使用三代队列 (2756个家庭) 进行详细分析.
主要成果:
- 肠道微生物组主要是由环境和共存形成的,只有6.6%的种类是可遗传的.
- 许多种类的共存显著解释了变异性 (48.6%).
- 确定了微生物组与健康之间的2856个关联,显示了不同疾病的共同特征,独立于相关疾病.
- 7,519个关联将微生物组特征与饮食,社会经济和早期/当前暴露因素联系在一起.
结论:
- 环境暴露和同居是肠道微生物组合和功能的主要驱动因素.
- 在各种疾病中存在共享的微生物组特征,提供潜在的治疗点.
- 通过阐明遗传和暴露的影响,这项研究为开发基于微生物组的向治疗提供了基础.
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