粘附性GPCRsADGRD1和ADGRF1的绑定激应的结构基础
Xiangli Qu1,2, Na Qiu1,2, Mu Wang1,3
1CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
Nature
|April 14, 2022
概括
粘附G蛋白合受体 (aGPCRs) 通过绑定的茎区域激活,而不是裂变. 结构研究显示,ADGRF1中保留的茎- 跨膜相互作用和脂质结合部位,澄清了aGPCR的信号复杂性.
科学领域:
- 生物化学
- 分子生物学
- 结构生物学
背景情况:
- 粘附G蛋白合受体 (aGPCRs) 对生理过程至关重要,但它们的激活机制,特别是绑定激应机制,尚不清楚.
- 之前的假设表明内在激活涉及N端区域的绑定激动剂,但分子细节仍然难以捉摸.
研究的目的:
- 通过确定ADGRD1和ADGRF1的G蛋白结合结构来阐明aGPCR激活的分子机制.
- 调查茎区域的作用和aGPCR中潜在的分裂独立激活途径.
- 在aGPCR中识别功能性位点,例如可能参与连接体识别的脂质结合口袋.
主要方法:
- 使用冷电子显微镜或X射线晶体学对ADGRD1和ADGRF1的G蛋白结合结构确定.
- 分析不同aGPCR的茎区域和跨膜域之间的保存相互作用.
- 生物化学测试以评估已识别的结构特征的功能重要性,包括脂质结合部位.
主要成果:
- ADGRD1和ADGRF1的茎区域充当绑定激动剂,以保护的方式与跨膜域进行广泛的相互作用.
- 对自身蛋白质分解缺陷的ADGRF1突变体的结构分析支持了分裂独立的激活机制.
- 保护的螺旋间相互作用级联促进了茎诱导的激活,并观察到序列的可变性.
- 在ADGRF1中确定了一个特定的细胞内脂质结合部位,并且被证明是功能性重要,可能结合synaptamide.
结论:
- 树干-跨膜域相互作用是aGPCRs的常见激活机制.
- aGPCR激活可以独立于自身蛋白解,由茎诱导的形状变化介导.
- 在ADGRF1中发现的脂质结合部位表明了aGPCR家族中信号转导和配体识别的新模式.
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