对的SARS-CoV-2 Omicron变种进行疫苗保护
Abishek Chandrashekar1, Jingyou Yu1, Katherine McMahan1
1Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Cell
|April 15, 2022
概括
COVID-19 疫苗 (BNT162b2 和 Ad26.COV2.S) 提供了对的强有力的保护. 抗体和T细胞反应对于控制上呼吸道中的SARS-CoV-2至关重要.
科学领域:
- 病毒学
- 免疫学
- 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 在接种疫苗的人群中,SARS-CoV-2 Omicron 变种 (B.1.1.529) 迅速传播,引发了关于疫苗有效性的疑问.
- 了解疫苗诱导的免疫反应对新出现的变种至关重要,这对公共健康至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估mRNA (BNT162b2) 和腺病毒载体 (Ad26.COV2.S) 疫苗对SARS-CoV-2 Omicron变种的保护效果.
- 研究 humoral 和细胞免疫在疫苗防护中的作用.
主要方法:
- 在Cynomolgus群中,使用BNT162b2和Ad26.COV2.S的同源或异源增强方案进行了疫苗接种.
- 接种疫苗的受到高剂量的SARS-CoV-2 Omicron变异的挑战.
- 测量了支气管和鼻的病毒载荷.
- 评估了中和抗体标位和T细胞反应.
主要成果:
- 接种疫苗的在受到Omicron感染后迅速控制了肺部的病毒 (支气管洗).
- 大多数接种疫苗的动物在上呼吸道中控制了病毒的复制 (鼻).
- 四种具有低中和抗体标位和缺少CD8+T细胞反应的动物无法控制上呼吸道复制.
- 病毒控制与抗体和T细胞反应的存在相关.
结论:
- BNT162b2和Ad26.COV2.S疫苗提供强大的防治SARS-CoV-2 Omicron变异的挑战.
- 幽默性 (抗体) 和细胞性 (T细胞) 免疫反应对于针对高突变的SARS-CoV-2变种如Omicron的全面疫苗保护至关重要.
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