在接种疫苗的人群中,Omicron感染增强了Delta抗体的免疫力
Khadija Khan1,2, Farina Karim1,2, Sandile Cele1,2
1Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa.
Nature
|May 6, 2022
概括
接种疫苗和Omicron BA.1感染的混合免疫力提供了对SARS-CoV-2 Delta和其他变种的保护. 欧米克朗BA.1感染本身提供有限的交叉保护,强调疫苗接种对于强大的免疫的重要性.
科学领域:
- 病毒学
- 免疫学
- 流行病学
背景情况:
- 奥米克朗 (B.1.1.529) 感染对之前的严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2) 变种,如德尔塔 (B.1.617.2) 的保护作用尚不清楚,特别是考虑到疫苗接种情况.
- 了解交叉中和对于预测人口免疫力和指导病毒进化过程中的公共卫生策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估Omicron BA.1感染对各种SARS-CoV-2变种产生的中和能力.
- 为了比较接种疫苗和未接种疫苗的患者在Omicron BA.1突破性感染后的免疫反应.
主要方法:
- 研究了39名感染Omicron BA.1的南非人,其中包括15名接种疫苗和24名未接种疫苗的参与者.
- 在注册和随访时测量了针对SARS-CoV-2变种 (Omicron BA.1,Delta,Beta,祖先) 的中和标位,使用焦点减小中和测试.
主要成果:
- 在接种疫苗和未接种疫苗的两组中,Omicron BA.1感染显著提高了对Omicron BA.1和Delta变异的中和度.
- 与未接种疫苗的个体相比,接种了Omicron BA.1突破性感染的个体对所有测试变体的中和水平更高.
- 感染Omicron BA.1的未接种疫苗的个体对包括Delta在内的非BA.1变种呈现有限的交叉中和.
结论:
- 混合免疫力 (接种疫苗+欧米克朗BA.1感染) 提供了对德尔塔变种和潜在的其他SARS-CoV-2变种的实质性保护.
- 仅仅欧米克朗BA.1感染就会引起中等程度的交叉保护,这凸显了疫苗接种对SARS-CoV-2全面免疫力的持续重要性.
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