双峰:英格兰的Omicron SARS-CoV-2 BA.1和BA.2流行病
Paul Elliott1,2,3,4,5,6, Oliver Eales1,7, Nicholas Steyn8,9
1School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 24, 2022
概括
社区传播-1的实时评估 (REACT-1) 研究发现2022年3月英格兰的SARS-CoV-2感染率创纪录. 尽管疫苗接种率很高,但Omicron BA.2变种导致感染率增加,特别是在老年人中.
科学领域:
- 流行病学
- 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron 变种导致全球传播速度快,感染率空前.
- 社区传播-1实时评估 (REACT-1) 研究监测了英格兰的SARS-CoV-2感染趋势.
研究的目的:
- 为了追踪SARS-CoV-2感染的流行情况,并确定Omicron浪潮期间的人口趋势.
- 评估Omicron变种 (BA.1和BA.2) 对英格兰社区传播的影响.
主要方法:
- 使用反转录聚合酶链反应 (RT-PCR) 对自给自取的喉和鼻子拭子.
- 从2020年5月到2022年3月随机选择的5岁及以上参与者的数据进行分析.
- 使用加权的流行率计算来估计感染率.
主要成果:
- 2022年3月在REACT-1研究中记录了6. 37%的最高加权流行率 (N = 109, 181).
- 欧米克朗BA.2亚型成为主导,取代了BA.1.
- 所有年龄组的患病率都增加,65岁及以上的患者患病率上升最为显著.
- 与此相关的住院和死亡人数增加,但仍低于前一波,可能是由于疫苗接种覆盖率高.
结论:
- 欧米克朗变种,特别是BA.2导致2022年3月英格兰的SARS-CoV-2感染量大幅增加.
- 年长的成年人群体感染率增长最为显著.
- 疫苗接种水平较高,与之前的流行病浪潮相比,降低了住院和死亡的严重程度.
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