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相关概念视频

Proteomics01:33

Proteomics

8.0K
A proteome is the entire set of proteins that a cell type produces. We can study proteomes using the knowledge of genomes because genes code for mRNAs, and the mRNAs encode proteins. Although mRNA analysis is a step in the right direction, not all mRNAs are translated into proteins.
Proteomics is the study of proteomes' function. It involves the large-scale systematic study of the proteome to denote the protein complement expressed by a genome. Scientist Mark Wilkins coined the term...
8.0K
Mitochondrial Protein Sorting01:39

Mitochondrial Protein Sorting

4.4K
Mitochondria are double-membrane organelles of the eukaryotes involved in cellular metabolism, signaling, ATP synthesis, and programmed cell death.  Each of these processes requires specific proteins and enzymes that must be correctly sorted to the right mitochondrial subcompartment for the proper functioning of the organelle.
Most of these mitochondrial proteins are encoded by the nucleus and imported to the mitochondria as unfolded or loosely folded precursors. Mitochondrial precursors...
4.4K
Translocation of Proteins into the Mitochondria01:19

Translocation of Proteins into the Mitochondria

4.6K
Mitochondrial precursors are translocated to the internal subcompartments via independent mechanisms involving distinct protein machineries called translocases.
Sorting of outer membrane proteins:
Mitochondrial outer membrane proteins are of two types: the transmembrane, beta-barrel porins, and the membrane-anchored, alpha-helical proteins. Beta-barrel porin precursors are translocated by the TOM complex and inserted into the outer mitochondrial membrane by the SAM complex. In contrast,...
4.6K
Porin Insertion in the Outer Mitochondrial Membrane01:12

Porin Insertion in the Outer Mitochondrial Membrane

3.3K
Porins are beta-barrel proteins translocated to the mitochondrial outer membrane through the TOM complex into the intermembrane space. Porin precursors bind TIM chaperones within the intermembrane space and are guided to the Sorting and Assembly Machinery complex or SAM complex on the outer mitochondrial membrane.
Three models describe the assembly of porins by the SAM complex and their insertion into the outer membrane. Model 1 suggests that porins are assembled outside the SAM channel as the...
3.3K
Mitochondrial Precursor Proteins01:39

Mitochondrial Precursor Proteins

2.6K
Mitochondrial precursors are partially unfolded or loosely folded polypeptide chains. Newly synthesized precursors are inhibited from spontaneously folding into their native conformation by the cytosolic chaperones, heat shock proteins 70 (Hsp70), and mitochondrial import stimulation factors (MSFs). Precursors bound to MSFs are guided to the TOM70-TOM37 receptors, while precursors bound to Hsp70  chaperones are targetted to TOM20-TOM22 receptor complexes.
Most of the mitochondrial...
2.6K
Ribosome Profiling02:24

Ribosome Profiling

3.7K
Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique...
3.7K

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相关实验视频

Updated: Sep 22, 2025

Preparation of Mitochondrial Enriched Fractions for Metabolic Analysis in Drosophila
08:22

Preparation of Mitochondrial Enriched Fractions for Metabolic Analysis in Drosophila

Published on: September 30, 2015

9.7K

通过深度多原子分析来定义线粒体蛋白的功能

Jarred W Rensvold1,2, Evgenia Shishkova3,4, Yuriy Sverchkov5

  • 1Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.

Nature
|May 25, 2022
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

研究人员对200多种线粒体蛋白质进行了分析, 这项研究发现了新的基因功能和诊断线粒体疾病的特征.

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Preparation of Mitochondria from Ovarian Cancer Tissues and Control Ovarian Tissues for Quantitative Proteomics Analysis
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Preparation of Mitochondria from Ovarian Cancer Tissues and Control Ovarian Tissues for Quantitative Proteomics Analysis

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Author Spotlight: Two-Step Tag-Free Isolation of Mitochondria for Improved Protein Discovery and Quantification
09:04

Author Spotlight: Two-Step Tag-Free Isolation of Mitochondria for Improved Protein Discovery and Quantification

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相关实验视频

Last Updated: Sep 22, 2025

Preparation of Mitochondrial Enriched Fractions for Metabolic Analysis in Drosophila
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Preparation of Mitochondrial Enriched Fractions for Metabolic Analysis in Drosophila

Published on: September 30, 2015

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Preparation of Mitochondria from Ovarian Cancer Tissues and Control Ovarian Tissues for Quantitative Proteomics Analysis
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Author Spotlight: Two-Step Tag-Free Isolation of Mitochondria for Improved Protein Discovery and Quantification
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Author Spotlight: Two-Step Tag-Free Isolation of Mitochondria for Improved Protein Discovery and Quantification

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科学领域:

  • 细胞生物学
  • 遗传学
  • 生物化学

背景情况:

  • 线粒体对于细胞能量和新陈代谢至关重要.
  • 线粒体功能障碍导致150多种疾病, 然而许多蛋白质和遗传原因仍然未知.
  • 了解线粒体蛋白的功能对于诊断和治疗这些疾病至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 创建一个全面的功能地图的人类线粒体蛋白.
  • 研究细胞对线粒体干扰的反应.
  • 识别与线粒体疾病相关的新基因.

主要方法:

  • 利用CRISPR-Cas9基因编辑创建超过200个针对线粒体蛋白的HAP1细胞淘汰线.
  • 进行基于质谱的多态分析以测量细胞反应.
  • 收集了大约830万个生物分子测量结果.

主要成果:

  • 确定PIGY上游开放读取框架 (PYURF) 作为参与复合I组合和辅酶Q生物合成的甲基转移酶伴侣,与一种新型线粒体疾病有关.
  • 与线粒体核糖体和氧化化 (OxPhos) 完整性相关的 SLC30A9.
  • 确立了RAB5IF作为第二个导致大脑及胸部张的基因.
  • 产生了线粒体蛋白功能和细胞反应的综合数据集.
  • 发现了一种细胞特征表明线粒体功能失调.

结论:

  • 这项研究提供了人类线粒体蛋白质的功能概述,有助于对孤儿蛋白质的表征.
  • 发现了新的基因功能和疾病关联,进步了对线粒体疾病的理解.
  • MITOMICS.app资源有助于探索线粒体蛋白功能和疾病机制.
  • 已识别的细胞特征有助于线粒体疾病的遗传诊断.