通过B.1.1.529的免疫增强取决于之前的SARS-CoV-2暴露
Catherine J Reynolds1, Corinna Pade2, Joseph M Gibbons2
1Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK.
概括
三次接种增强免疫力,但Omicron (B.1. 1.529) 降低了T细胞和B细胞的反应. 之前的感染进一步影响了对SARS-CoV-2变种的免疫力,影响了抗体耐用性和T细胞识别.
科学领域:
- 免疫学
- 病毒学
- 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 欧米克朗 (B.1.1.529) SARS-CoV-2 变种具有很高的传染性和免疫逃生能力.
- 接种疫苗可以预防严重的疾病,这种疾病很可能是由细胞免疫引起的.
- 了解疫苗接种前有感染史的人群对Omicron的免疫反应至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在三次接种疫苗的卫生保健工作者中研究T细胞和B细胞对Omicron变异 (B.1.1.529的免疫力.
- 评估不同SARS-CoV-2感染史对Omicron免疫反应的影响.
- 评估免疫印记对细胞和抗体反应的影响.
主要方法:
- 对T和B细胞免疫力对抗SARS-CoV-2变体的分析.
- 研究群体:三次BioNTech BNT162b2 mRNA疫苗接种的医疗保健工作者 (HCW).
- 基于感染史的分层 (原始,先前感染的变种,武汉Hu-1感染).
主要成果:
- 三次疫苗接种增强了对先前变异的免疫力,但对Omicron尖端蛋白的T和B细胞反应有所降低.
- 来自Alpha (B.1.1.7) 感染的免疫印记导致对Omicron的抗体的结合时间较短.
- 在Omicron波中感染的原始HCW减少了对Omicron的中和抗体和T细胞反应.
结论:
- 欧米克朗变种挑战了疫苗接种和先前感染的免疫力.
- 之前的感染史显著调节了对包括Omicron在内的SARS-CoV-2变种的免疫反应.
- 免疫印记可以影响免疫保护的耐用性和广度,以防止SARS-CoV-2变种的演变.
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