中的一个基因模块保护了叶绿体,从而增强了耐热性
Hai Zhang1,2,3,4, Ji-Fu Zhou1,3, Yi Kan1,2
1National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
概括
米植物具有热耐受机制,涉及热耐受3 (TT3) 基因位点. 这种系统有助于保护叶绿体免受热应激,减少作物的产量损失.
科学领域:
- 植物生物学
- 分子生物学
- 遗传学
背景情况:
- 植物的热耐受性对于作物产量至关重要,但外界热信号被感知并传递给叶绿体等有机体的机制尚未完全理解.
- 了解这些信号通路对于培养适应全球气温上升和热应激事件的作物至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 阐明大米感知外部热应激并将其传递给质体以增强耐热性的分子机制.
- 确定热应激信号中的遗传因素及其在保护叶绿体和保持谷物产量的作用.
主要方法:
- 在大米中的热耐受性3 (TT3) 定量特征位的识别和表征.
- 在热应激条件下分析TT3.1 (E3连接酶) 和TT3.2 (叶绿体前体蛋白) 之间的基因相互作用.
- 研究TT3.1和TT3.2的亚细胞局部化和蛋白质修饰 (ubiquitination).
主要成果:
- 包含TT3.1和TT3.2基因的TT3位点增强了大米的热耐受性,并减轻了热引起的产量损失.
- 在热应激时,血局部化的TT3.1移动到内分体和全方位的TT3.2,将其定位为降解.
- 减少TT3.2的积累导致了叶绿体内对热损伤的增强保护.
结论:
- 已经确定了一种涉及TT3.1-TT3.2模块的新型热传感和信号传导途径,该途径将血热感知与叶绿体热耐受性联系起来.
- 这一途径涉及TT3.1作为潜在的热传感器,并调节TT3.2水平以保护叶绿体.
- 发现的TT3基因模块为培育具有更好的耐热度的抗气候米品种提供了有前途的策略.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
Protein Transport to the Inner Chloroplast Membrane
2.1K
Proteins targeted to the inner chloroplast membrane, or plastid proteins, are transported by two general pathways: the stop-transfer and the re-insertion or post-import pathways. Most plastid proteins carry N-terminal transit sequences and internal import sequences targeting it to the specific chloroplast subcompartment. Proteins targeted by the stop-transfer pathway have internal hydrophobic sequences that inhibit their translocation into the stroma. As a result, these precursors are arrested...
2.1K
Cell Signaling in Plants
5.7K
Plant cells communicate to coordinate their cycle of growth, flowering and fruiting, and activities in roots, shoots, and leaves in response to the changing environmental conditions. Plant signaling is distinct from animal signaling. Plants primarily utilize enzyme-linked receptors, whereas the largest class of cell-surface receptors in animals are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Unlike animals, receptor tyrosine kinases are rare in plants. Instead, plants have a diverse class of...
5.7K
Export of Mitochondrial and Chloroplast Genes
3.8K
A eukaryotic cell can have up to three different types of genetic systems: nuclear, mitochondrial, and chloroplast. During evolution, organelles have exported many genes to the nucleus; this transfer is still ongoing in some plant species. Approximately 18% of the Arabidopsis thaliana nuclear genome is thought to be derived from the chloroplast’s cyanobacterial ancestor, and around 75% of the yeast genome derived from the mitochondria’s bacterial ancestor. This export has occurred...
3.8K
Transgenic Plants
7.4K
Recombinant DNA technology called transgenesis is often used to add a foreign gene or remove a detrimental gene from an organism. Such genetically modified organisms are called transgenic organisms.
The first-ever transgenic plant was a tobacco plant developed in 1983 that showed resistance against the tobacco mosaic virus. Since then, many transgenic plants have been developed and commercialized for improving the agricultural, ornamental, and horticultural value of a crop plant. Transgenic...
The first-ever transgenic plant was a tobacco plant developed in 1983 that showed resistance against the tobacco mosaic virus. Since then, many transgenic plants have been developed and commercialized for improving the agricultural, ornamental, and horticultural value of a crop plant. Transgenic...
7.4K
Protein Transport to the Outer Chloroplast Membrane
2.0K
Chloroplast outer membrane proteins encoded by the nucleus are synthesized in the cytosol. Soon after synthesis, they bind cytosolic factors such as 14-3-3 protein and the Hsp70 chaperones that keep these precursors in an unfolded state until their translocation.
Two models describe the mechanism of precursor recognition and entry across the outer membrane through the TOC complex. Model 1 suggests the newly synthesized precursor binds to the TOC receptor 159 and forms a complex.
Two models describe the mechanism of precursor recognition and entry across the outer membrane through the TOC complex. Model 1 suggests the newly synthesized precursor binds to the TOC receptor 159 and forms a complex.
2.0K
Responses to Heat and Cold Stress
13.8K
Every organism has an optimum temperature range within which healthy growth and physiological functioning can occur. At the ends of this range, there will be a minimum and maximum temperature that interrupt biological processes.
13.8K


