由Omicron感染引起的BA.2.12.1,BA.4和BA.5脱离抗体
Yunlong Cao1,2, Ayijiang Yisimayi3,4, Fanchong Jian3,5
1Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center (BIOPIC), Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China. yunlongcao@pku.edu.cn.
Nature
|June 17, 2022
概括
新型严重急性呼吸道综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron亚系BA.2.12.1,BA.4和BA.5显示免疫逃避增加. 接种疫苗后的 BA.1 感染可能不会对这些新出现的 SARS-CoV-2 变种提供广泛的保护.
科学领域:
- 病毒学和免疫学
- 结构生物学
- 疫苗开发
背景情况:
- SARS-CoV-2 Omicron亚系 BA.2.12.1,BA.4 和 BA.5 的出现,可能会增加传播能力.
- 需要研究这些新变种的受体结合和免疫逃避能力.
研究的目的:
- 将SARS-CoV-2 Omicron亚系BA.2.12.1,BA.4和BA.5与BA.2亚系的结合亲和和和中和抗体逃避进行比较.
- 通过分析逃生突变,表位分布和中和效率来了解抗体逃避的机制.
主要方法:
- 病毒尖端蛋白的结构比较.
- 对血管酶转化酶2 (ACE2) 受体的结合 afinities 的评估.
- 对各种SARS-CoV-2变种的中和抗体逃生概况和中和效率的分析.
- 疫苗接种后由BA.1感染引起的抗体的特征.
主要成果:
- BA.2.12.1,BA.4和BA.5具有与BA.2相似的ACE2结合亲缘关系.
- 与BA.2相比,这些新亚系对三次接种疫苗或BA.1感染后的个体中和抗体的逃避增加.
- 由于特定突变 (D405N,F486V),BA.1感染引起的抗体在很大程度上被BA.2和BA.4/BA.5避开.
- 治疗抗体bebtelovimab和ciligavimab可以中和BA.2. 12. 1和BA. 4/ BA. 5,但其他突变 (S371F,D405N,R408S) 影响大致中和抗体.
结论:
- 奥米克朗亚系可以进化突变以逃避BA.1感染引起的体内免疫力.
- 来自BA.1的疫苗增剂可能不会对较新的Omicron变种提供广泛的保护.
- 了解突变影响对于开发有效的治疗方法和疫苗来说至关重要.
更多相关视频
06:08Author Spotlight: A Pseudotype Virus System for Assessing Omicron Subvariants and Neutralizing Antibodies in SARS-CoV-2 Research
Published on: September 8, 2023
1.3K
08:52Use of an Influenza Antigen Microarray to Measure the Breadth of Serum Antibodies Across Virus Subtypes
Published on: July 26, 2019
8.2K
相关概念视频
Cross-reactivity
31.5K
Overview
31.5K
Humoral Immune Responses
75.4K
Overview
75.4K
Antibody Actions
1.3K
Antibodies, or immunoglobulins, are critical players in the immune system's arsenal against invading pathogens. Produced by B cells and plasma cells, their primary role is to detect and bind to specific antigens, molecules found on the surface of pathogens like bacteria or viruses. Beyond antigen recognition, antibodies perform several vital functions that contribute to immune defense.
Neutralization
Antibodies can bind to pathogens, preventing them from infecting host cells. This process...
Neutralization
Antibodies can bind to pathogens, preventing them from infecting host cells. This process...
1.3K
Antibody Structure and Classes
4.0K
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins, are produced by B cells in response to foreign substances, such as bacteria and viruses. These proteins are critical for recognizing and neutralizing these substances, protecting the body from potential harm.
The basic structure of an antibody consists of four protein chains: two identical heavy chains and two identical light chains. These chains are held together by disulfide bonds and other non-covalent interactions, forming a Y-shaped structure.
The basic structure of an antibody consists of four protein chains: two identical heavy chains and two identical light chains. These chains are held together by disulfide bonds and other non-covalent interactions, forming a Y-shaped structure.
4.0K
B Cell Activation and Differentiation
5.4K
The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
5.4K
The ABO Blood Group
2.1K
The ABO blood group system is a critical element of transfusion medicine, essential for determining blood compatibility in transfusions and organ transplants. It is based on specific antigens, or agglutinogens, present on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs) and corresponding antibodies, or agglutinins, in the blood plasma.
Antigens in the ABO Blood Group System
Antigens are substances that can trigger an immune response, leading to the production of antibodies. In the ABO blood group system,...
Antigens in the ABO Blood Group System
Antigens are substances that can trigger an immune response, leading to the production of antibodies. In the ABO blood group system,...
2.1K
