概括
在重症急诊患者中,有3%的人没有怀疑人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 感染. 这些艾滋病毒阳性个体正在积极出血创伤受害者,突出了对所有出血患者的普遍预防措施的需要.
科学领域:
- 紧急医疗 紧急医疗
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 没有怀疑的人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 感染可能会在紧急情况下带来风险.
- 危急病患者可能出现需要立即干预的情况,使感染查复杂化.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定危急病重症急诊患者中未被怀疑的艾滋病毒感染的流行率.
- 为了确定这一群体中艾滋病病毒阳性患者的特征.
主要方法:
- 来自203名严重病患或严重受伤但没有艾滋病毒病史的患者的匿名血清样本进行了测试.
- 与酶相关的免疫试验和西方斑点分析用于检测HIV抗体.
主要成果:
- 六名患者 (3%) 呈HIV抗体血清阳性.
- 所有艾滋病毒阳性患者都是25-34岁的创伤受害者,代表了这一年龄组中16%的创伤患者.
- 静脉药物滥用史并不是识别阳性个体的可靠指标.
结论:
- 对于治疗出血患者的急诊室和医院前护理提供者来说,普遍的感染控制预防措施是必不可少的.
- 这些预防措施应不论怀疑的艾滋病毒状况如何实施,因为不被怀疑的感染的流行率很高.
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