全球海洋微生物组的生物合成潜力
Lucas Paoli1, Hans-Joachim Ruscheweyh1, Clarissa C Forneris2
1Department of Biology, Institute of Microbiology and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Nature
|June 22, 2022
概括
研究人员探索了海洋微生物的多样性, 这项研究揭示了成千上万的新生物合成基因集群,
科学领域:
- 微生物学
- 基因组学
- 生物化学
背景情况:
- 自然微生物群落表现出巨大的基因和代谢多样性,具有发现新酶和化合物的潜力.
- 研究微生物多样性以确定生物合成途径及其宿主是具有挑战性的,特别是在未经探索的海洋环境中.
- 由于大规模基因组解析数据分析的局限性,海洋微生物的生物合成潜力在很大程度上仍未得到描述.
研究的目的:
- 研究全球海洋生物合成基因集群的多样性和新性.
- 从未研究过的微生物群体中识别出以前未知的酶和天然产品.
- 描述新的生物合成途径及其相关的生物活性化合物.
主要方法:
- 从培养和单细胞来源整合了大约1万个微生物基因组.
- 从1000多个海水样本中重建了超过25,000个基因组草案.
- 对基因组解析数据的分析,以识别和描述生物合成基因集群.
主要成果:
- 发现大约4万个假定,主要是新型的生物合成基因集群.
- 在意想不到的基因组中识别了许多基因集群,包括未培养的细菌系"Candidatus Eudoremicrobiaceae".
- 素和胺路径的表征,揭示了不寻常的化合物结构和酶学.
结论:
- 在未经探索的微生物群落中探索未被描述的酶和自然产品是微生物学驱动的有效策略.
- 海洋是微生物生物合成多样性的丰富,大部分尚未开发的储备.
- 这项研究扩大了已知的微生物天然产品及其生物合成途径.
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