通过道路安全风险因素干预措施拯救生命:全球和国家估计
Andres I Vecino-Ortiz1, Madhuram Nagarajan1, Sarah Elaraby2
1Health Systems Program, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Lancet (London, England)
|July 2, 2022
概括
实施高速驾驶,酒后驾驶,安全帽和安全带使用的道路安全措施可以减少全球25-40%的道路死亡. 这些数据有助于各国优先考虑拯救生命的道路安全措施,以实现可持续发展目标3.6.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生
- 运输安全
- 全球健康
背景情况:
- 在低收入和中等收入国家,
- 为了实现可持续发展目标 (SDG) 3.6,迫切需要数据.
- 这项研究解决了基于证据的道路安全干预措施的需要.
研究的目的:
- 通过实施针对关键道路伤害风险因素的干预措施来估计挽救的生命数量.
- 提供具体的国家数据,以优先考虑道路安全工作.
- 为实现可持续发展目标3.6制定战略.
主要方法:
- 对道路交通事故死亡率的基于证据的预防性干预措施进行系统审查.
- 分析主要集中在四个主要的风险因素:超速驾驶,酒后驾驶,安全帽使用和安全带/儿童座椅使用.
- 使用文献审查变量和国家一级数据 (人均GDP,人口密度,政府效率) 生成的国家具体估计.
主要成果:
- 实施针对四个主要风险因素的干预措施可以预防全球25-40%的致命交通事故.
- 每年可以拯救大约347,258人的生命.
- 饮酒驾驶的干预措施每年至少可以挽救16,304人的生命,安全带的干预措施可挽救121,083人的生命,安全帽的干预措施可挽救51,698人的生命.
结论:
- 针对主要风险因素的基于证据的道路安全干预措施在减少全球道路死亡率方面非常有效.
- 具体国家估计突出了这些干预措施的潜在影响和可扩展性.
- 这些发现为优先考虑道路安全倡议和推进可持续发展目标3.6提供了关键证据.
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