密集护士家庭访问计划对符合医疗补助条件的人群的不良分娩结果的影响:随机临床试验
Margaret A McConnell1,2, Slawa Rokicki1,3, Samuel Ayers4
1Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
JAMA
|July 5, 2022
概括
在一项随机试验中,密集的护士家庭访问并没有显著改善低收入母亲的分娩结果. 对于儿童和出生间隔的结果需要进一步评估.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生
- 母婴健康
- 基于证据的实践
背景情况:
- 改善低收入母亲的出生结果是一个关键的公共卫生目标.
- 一个建议的干预策略是密集的护士家访计划.
- 护士家庭伙伴关系 (NFP) 是护士家庭访问的一个成熟模式.
研究的目的:
- 确定NFP计划对出生不良结果的综合影响.
- 综合结果包括早产,低出生体重,怀孕年龄较小或围产死亡率.
- 评估母亲和新生儿的第二次健康结果.
主要方法:
- 这是一项随机临床试验, 涉及5670名符合医疗补助资格的孕妇.
- 参与者被随机分为2:1的NFP计划 (n=3806) 或常规护理 (n=1864).
- 通过重要记录,医疗补助申请和医院出院记录收集出生结果的数据.
主要成果:
- 综合不良分娩结果发生率在干预组为26. 9%,在对照组为26. 1%.
- 调整后的组间差异为0. 5% (95% CI, - 2. 1% 至 3. 1%),表明没有显著的减少.
- 在总样本或子组中没有观察到任何主要或次要母亲和新生儿健康结果的显著改善.
结论:
- 在这项试验中,密集护理家庭访问 (NFP) 并没有显著降低出生不良结果的综合发病率.
- 目前仍在评估NFP计划的整体有效性, 待评估儿童和分娩间隔的结果.
- 需要进一步研究以了解该计划对儿童长期发育和母亲健康的影响.
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