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Bonding in Metals02:32

Bonding in Metals

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Metallic bonds are formed between two metal atoms. A simplified model to describe metallic bonding has been developed by Paul Drüde called the “Electron Sea Model”. 
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Metallic Solids

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Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
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Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

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The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
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Metal-Semiconductor Junctions01:24

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The contact of metal and semiconductor can lead to the formation of a junction with either Schottky or Ohmic behavior.
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Some materials may easily let electrical charges pass through them, while others obstruct their flow. The former are called conductors and the latter insulators. The atomic structures of materials determine whether they are conductors or insulators of electricity.
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In complexation reactions, metal cations are the electron pair acceptors, and the ligands are the electron pair donors. The stability of the metal complexes depends primarily on the complexing ability of the central metal ion and the nature of the ligands. Generally, the complexing ability of the metal ion depends on the size and charge of the ion. As the metal ion size increases, the stability of the metal complexes decreases, provided that the valency of the metal ion and the ligands remain...
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比金属更奇怪

Philip W Phillips1, Nigel E Hussey2,3, Peter Abbamonte4

  • 1Department of Physics and Institute for Condensed Matter Theory, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|July 20, 2022
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

奇怪的金属违背了传统的物理学, 在不同温度下表现出异常电阻. 这篇评论探讨了它们独特的特性,寻求它们连续的电荷载体行为背后的统一原则.

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科学领域:

  • 凝聚物质物理
  • 材料科学
  • 量子力学

背景情况:

  • 由于不同的物理机制,传统金属在低温或高温下呈现消失的电阻.
  • 一类被称为"奇特"金属的材料, 显示电阻的异常温度依赖, 挑战传统的理解.

研究的目的:

  • 审查候选奇异金属及其运输和光谱数据.
  • 为了确定统一的物理原理, 控制奇怪的金属的行为.
  • 研究这些材料中低温和高温电荷载体的连续性.

主要方法:

  • 在候选奇异金属中分析运输数据.
  • 检查光谱数据以了解电子特性.
  • 包括量子关键性和普朗克散射在内的理论概念的审查.

主要成果:

  • 奇特的金属可以违反传统金属中观察到的典型的温度依赖性电阻.
  • 绝对零附近的电阻倾斜的变化或平均自由路径接近格子常数可以是连续的.
  • 证据表明电荷载体在广泛的温度范围内存在连续性.

结论:

  • 奇怪的金属对已建立的凝聚物质理论来说是一个独特的挑战.
  • 进一步研究量子关键性,普朗克散射和莫特纳斯是至关重要的.
  • 可能需要一个新的尺度原理来解释奇异金属中的非局部运输现象.