植物免疫中TIR催化小分子的识别和受体机制
Shijia Huang1, Aolin Jia1, Wen Song2,3
1Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China.
概括
植物免疫受体称为TIR-NLRs使用尼古丁胺氨基二核酸 (NADase) 活性进行信号传递. 这项研究确定了新的信号分子pRib-AMP和pRib-ADP作为植物防御途径的关键组成部分.
科学领域:
- 植物免疫力
- 分子信号
- 生物化学
背景情况:
- 具有Toll/interleukin-1受体 (TIR) 域的植物核酸结合重复含量 (NLR) 受体对于检测病原体至关重要.
- TIR-NLR信号涉及N需求基因1 (NRG1),活性疾病抵抗1 (ADR1) 和增强疾病易感性1 (EDS1),其中EDS1形成异体基因与Phytoalexin缺陷4 (PAD4) 或老化相关基因101 (SAG101).
研究的目的:
- 研究含有TIR的蛋白质在产生信号分子中的酶活性.
- 阐明EDS1-PAD4复合体在识别这些信号分子和调解下游免疫反应中的作用.
主要方法:
- 检测含有TIR的蛋白质产生特定分子的体外酶测定.
- 生物化学和结构分析以描述EDS1-PAD4与已识别的信号分子之间的相互作用.
- 在植物实验中验证这些分子在植物免疫力中的作用.
主要成果:
- 表明含有TIR的蛋白质可催化2' - 5' - 5' - 基酸 (pRib-AMP) 和二酸 (pRib-ADP) 的产生.
- EDS1- PAD4复合体被确定为pRib- AMP和pRib- ADP的直接受体.
- 发现这些分子可促进EDS1- PAD4与ADR1- L1的相互作用,而不是NRG1A,突出显示特定的信号级联.
结论:
- 通过TIR催化的pRib-AMP和pRib-ADP代表了TIR-NLR信号通路中以前缺失的关键环节.
- 这些分子作为可能的第二信使,通过EDS1-PAD4-ADR1-L1途径调解植物免疫反应.
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