灵长类动物背侧前额皮层的分子和细胞进化
Shaojie Ma1, Mario Skarica1, Qian Li1
1Department of Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 25, 2022
概括
研究人员在四种灵长类动物的背侧前额皮层 (dlPFC) 绘制了超过60万个细胞. 他们发现了特定物种的细胞亚型和分子差异, 揭示了大脑认知的进化变化.
科学领域:
- 神经科学
- 进化生物学
- 基因组学
背景情况:
- 粒状背侧前额皮质 (dlPFC) 是一种关键的认知区域,特别是在灵长类动物中.
- 了解dlPFC进化需要对物种进行详细的细胞和分子比较.
研究的目的:
- 在成年人,黑猩猩,和大猩猩中全面调查dlPFC的细胞谱.
- 在这些灵长类动物中识别保存和分离的细胞亚型和分子特征.
- 研究特定物种的分子差异,包括神经元和质细胞中的基因表达模式.
主要方法:
- 在四种灵长类动物的dlPFC中对超过60万个细胞进行了单核RNA测序 (snRNA-seq).
- 分析了转录组数据以定义细胞亚型并比较物种之间的分子形状.
- 检查了特定基因,包括 somatostatin,tyrosine hydroxylase 和 FOXP2,以查找特定物种的表达模式.
主要成果:
- 大多数dlPFC细胞亚型在研究的灵长类动物中都存在.
- 发现了几种细胞亚型是特定于物种的.
- 在同类的神经细胞,质细胞和非神经细胞亚型中观察到显著的分子差异,包括人体特异性索马托斯坦和氨酸酶的表达,以及人体特异性FOXP2表达.
结论:
- dlPFC细胞表现出人类灵长类动物的保护和分歧.
- 在dlPFC细胞中,特定物种的分子差异可能有助于认知专业化.
- 这项研究为了解灵长类认知和大脑疾病的演变提供了基础资源.
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