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相关概念视频

Batteries and Fuel Cells03:12

Batteries and Fuel Cells

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A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...
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The carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system is critical for maintaining the body's pH balance. It operates on the equilibrium:
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Buffers: Buffer Capacity01:09

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Buffer capacity is the quantitative measure of a buffer to resist the change in pH. As shown in the following equation, the buffer capacity, denoted by 'beta', is expressed as the number of moles of acid or base needed to change the pH of a one-liter buffer solution by 1 unit. Here, Ca and Cb indicate the number of moles of acid and base, respectively. Note that dpH represents the change in pH.
In the graph, pH is plotted as a function of the number of moles of base (Cb) added to a weak...
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Buffers: Overview01:30

Buffers: Overview

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Buffers play a crucial role in stabilizing the pH of a solution by mitigating the effects of small amounts of added acid or base. They consist of a weak acid and its conjugate base or a weak base and its conjugate acid. A solution of acetic acid and sodium acetate is an example of a buffer that consists of a weak acid and its salt: CH3COOH (aq) + CH3COONa (aq). An example of a buffer that consists of a weak base and its salt is a solution of ammonia and ammonium chloride: NH3 (aq) + NH4Cl (aq).
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Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
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固态电池复合阴极的缓冲体积变化与CO2衍生的块聚碳酸

Georgina L Gregory1, Hui Gao2, Boyang Liu2

  • 1Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.

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概括

通过将离子导电性和机械稳定性结合起来,改善了全固态电池的性能,提高了下一代储能器件的电池寿命和性能.

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科学领域:

  • 材料科学
  • 电化学
  • 聚合物化学

背景情况:

  • 全固态电池由于循环过程中复合阴极的体积变化而面临长寿挑战.
  • 在固态电池中保持接口接触通常需要不切实际的高压.
  • 现有的电池技术需要改进以实现高性能储能.

研究的目的:

  • 设计和合成新型块聚合物用于先进的全固态电池.
  • 为了克服由体积变化引起的电池寿命限制,并保持接口接触.
  • 提高下一代储能电化学,机械和化学性能

主要方法:

  • 使用聚乙烯氧化物 (PEO) 和二氧化碳衍生聚碳酸合成了ABAtriblock共聚物.
  • 用Mg (II) Co (II) 催化剂作为环开合聚合的宏启动剂.
  • 将酸的功能纳入,以改善粘附性,并对其特性进行了描述.

主要成果:

  • 确定了三种聚合物材料,具有离子导电性 (10^-4 S cm^-1),离子传输 (tLi+ 0.3-0.62) 和氧化稳定性 (>4 V vs Li+/Li).
  • 达到适用于电池应用的弹性或塑性质 (G' 0.1-67 MPa).
  • 与对照组相比,采用优化块聚合物的复合阴极显示出更高的容量保留.

结论:

  • ABA块共聚物为提高全固态电池性能和寿命提供了有前途的解决方案.
  • 设计的聚合物有效地应对与体积变化和接口接触有关的挑战.
  • 这些材料代表了下一代高性能储能设备的重大进步.